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Understanding Acceleration, Speed, and Velocity in Physics

This section delves into the concepts of acceleration, speed, and velocity, emphasizing their definitions and interrelationships. Speed is defined as the rate of change of position, while acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, which can occur through changes in speed, direction, or both. Key formulas for calculating acceleration are discussed, alongside examples illustrating both positive and negative acceleration in real-world scenarios. Understanding these concepts is crucial for grasping fundamental physics principles.

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Understanding Acceleration, Speed, and Velocity in Physics

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  1. Chapter 2 Section 2 Acceleration

  2. Acceleration, Speed, & Velocity • Remeber…Speed= Rate of change of position • Acceleration is the rate of change of Velocity • Acceleration occurs with a change in speed… direction… or both • So if you are going 60 mph and go around a curve while staying at 60… you still have accelerated.

  3. Acceleration (cont.)Changes in Speed • Acceleration is not just speeding up. • Speeding up is POSITIVE accel. • Slowing down is NEGATIVE accel. • Accel can be ANY change in speed.

  4. Acceleration (cont.)Changing directions • Any time an object changes direction, it’s velocity has changed and it is accelerating. • Horses on a carousel are always accel. Because they are constantly changing direction.

  5. Calculating Acceleration • Accceleration= Change in velocity/time • Change in velosity= final velocity – initial velocity • Soooooo • A = (vf – vi) / t • Initial velocity is what you started at… final velocity is what you ended at. • You will end up with an answer that looks like this….

  6. Calculating Acceleration (cont.) • 9.8 m/s/s…. Or… • 9.8 m/s^2 • And is spoken “9.8 meters per second squared”

  7. Calculating Accelerationpositive accel. • A jet is standing still. It starts to take off. It starts at 0 meters per second. And 20 seconds later it reaches 80 m/s. • A=(vf-vi)/t • A= (80 m/s – 0 m/s)/ 20 sec • A= 4 m/s^2

  8. Calculating AccelerationNegative Accel. • A car is traveling 3 m/s and slows down to a stop in 2 seconds. (negative acceleration) • A= (vf-vi)/t • A= (0 m/s – 3m/s)/2 seconds • A = -1.5 m/s^2

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