Latin America

1. Latin America SSWG: 7

2. Mountains: Andes- Pacific Coast • Highlands: • Mountainous or hilly sections of the country • Guiana Highlands • Brazilian Highlands Landforms

5. Guiana Highlands

6. Llanos: • Plains which are grassy and treeless • Columbia and Venezuela • Other Plains • Brazil cerrado • Savannahs with flat terrain and moderate rainfall Plains

7. Llanos

8. Pampas: • Plains with grasslands and rich soil • Argentina and Uruguay • Amazon: • Largest river by volume • 4000 miles from west to east • Empties into Atlantic Ocean

9. Pampas

11. Other Rivers • Orinoco- Venezuela • Parana River- origin is highlands of southern Brazil • Major Islands • Caribbean Islands • Greater Antilles (Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico and Hispaniola) • Lesser Antilles (Windward and Leeward Islands) • Bahamas

14. Mineral Resources: gold, silver, copper, Tin, coal page 204 • Energy Resources • Oil- Venezuela, Argentina and Mexico • Hydroelectric Power- Brazil • Natural gas- Trinidad Making Generalizations

15. Silver

17. Hydroelectric Power Brazil

18. Page 203 1-3 • 1. What is the relative location of the pampas in Latin America? South of MatoGrosso Plateau and Brazilian Highlands • 2. How would you describe the landforms of Mexico? Mountains and plains • 3. Which rivers empty into the Atlantic Ocean? Amazon, Parana, Orinoco River Map and Graph Skills

19. What are the three reasons for the variety of climate and vegetation found in Latin America? • 1. Great Distance (relation to the equator) • 2. Changes in elevation • 3. Warm currents in the Atlantic and Cold currents in the Pacific

20. What are eight sub-climate zones found in Latin America? • P. 207- 209 • Tropical Wet- rain forest • Tropical Wet and dry- savannas, grasslands • Semiarid- grass cover plains with little rain • Desert • Humid Subtropical • Mediterranean- Chilean coast • Marine West Coast- Chile and Argentina • Highlands- Andes Mountains Climate

21. Slash and burn- cut trees, brush and grasses and then burn the field to clear debris- ash is fertilizer destructive to environment-in tropics must rotate fields • Terraced farming- used to grow crops in hillsides or mountains • Reduced soil erosion Farming Techniques

24. List Six rapidly growing cities in South America • Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro---Brazil • Buenos Aires---Argentina • Lima--Peru • Bogotá--Colombia • Santiago--Chile Cities

25. Rio de Janiero

26. Sao Paulo

27. Buenos Aires

28. Lima, Peru

29. Bogota

30. Santiago, Chile

31. What is the most populous city in Latin America?

34. Practiced in many places of Latin America—it is tourism that is focused on the natural wonders and beauty of the areas (plants, animals, mountains, rainforests…..) • Costa Rica is a major ecotourism destination as people go to see the rainforest • Ecotourism focuses on preserving the environment while also encouraging low impact tourism Ecotourism

35. Advantages • Influx of money-cash-hard currency • Create jobs Tourism

38. Disadvantages • Strain on infrastructure • Money does not always stay in community--- (absentee owners) • Can increase public debt • Damage to environment • Resentment between rich tourist and poorer locals Tourism

39. Damage to coral reef

40. Conquistadors • Hernando Cortes- conquered Mexico for Spanish • 3 G’s- Gold, Glory, God • Mexico part of Spanish Empire Spanish Conquest

42. Puerto Rico

43. 1821 Mexico gained independence from Spain • Agustin de Iturbide proclaimed himself emperor • Benito Juarez lead reform movement in 19th century and became first president of Mexico Independence from Spain

44. Agustin de Iturbide

45. Benito Juarez

46. 1929 PRI: Institutional Revolutionary Party • Helped maintain political stability • Policy of redistributing land • Held power through fraud and corruption One Party Rule

48. Language- Spanish • Religion- Catholicism Spanish influence on culture

49. Basilica de Guadalupe Mexico City

50. Mestizo: people mixed Spanish and Native American heritage Native Influences on Culture