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Ancient Greeks
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Ancient Greeks. The Geography of Greece. Archaic Greece: 1650 BCE - 700 BCE. Bronze Age Greece. Crete: Minoan Civilization (Palace at Knossos ). Knossos : Minoan Civilization. Minoan Civilization. The Mycenaean Civilization. Homer : The “Heroic Age”. The Mask of Agamemnon.
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Ancient Greeks
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Archaic Greece: 1650 BCE - 700 BCE
"Hellenic" (Classical) Greece: 700 BCE - 324 BCE
Early Athenian Lawgivers • Draco • “draconian” • Solon • Cleisthenes • created the first democracy!
Persian Wars: Famous Battles • Marathon (490 BCE) • 26 miles from Athens • Thermopylae (480 BCE) • 300 Spartans at the Mountain pass • Salamis (480 BCE) • Athenian navy victorious
Great Athenian Philosophers • Socrates • Know thyself! • question everything • only the pursuit of goodnessbrings happiness. • Plato • The Academy • The world of the FORMS • The Republic philosopher-king
Great Athenian Philosophers • Aristotle • The Lyceum • “Golden Mean” [everything inmoderation]. • Logic. • Scientific method.
Athens: The Arts & Sciences • DRAMA (tragedians): • Aeschylus • Sophocles • Euripides • THE SCIENCES: • Pythagoras • Democritus all matter made up of small atoms. • Hippocrates “Father of Medicine”
SPARTA Helots Messenians enslaved by the Spartans.
"Hellenistic" Greece: 324 BCE - 100 BCE
Hellenistic Philosophers • Cynics Diogenes • ignore social conventions & avoid luxuries. • citizens of the world. • live a humble, simple life. • Epicurians Epicurus • avoid pain & seek pleasure. • all excess leads to pain! • politics should be avoided.
Hellenistic Philosophers • Stoics Zeno • nature is the expansion of divine will. • concept of natural law. • get involved in politics, not for personal gain, but toperform virtuous acts for the good of all. • true happiness is found ingreat achievements.
Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences • Scientists / Mathematicians: • Aristarchus heliocentric theory. • Euclid geometry • Archimedes pulley • Hellenistic Art: • More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art. • Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!