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Catalyst

Catalyst. Pick up papers from front. Answer the Catalyst below: Proble m 1 from yesterday (Ch. 4 Supp problems)!. GRADE!. Catalyst. Take out your catalyst sheet and answer the questions below by naming the following compounds: A) 0.137 g Hydrogen Peroxide B) 0.303 g Lead (II) Sulfate.

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Catalyst

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  1. Catalyst • Pick up papers from front. • Answer the Catalyst below: • Problem 1 from yesterday (Ch. 4 Supp problems)!

  2. GRADE!

  3. Catalyst • Take out your catalyst sheet and answer the questions below by naming the following compounds: • A) 0.137 g Hydrogen Peroxide • B) 0.303 g Lead (II) Sulfate

  4. BIG GOAL

  5. Explosion! (3 MINUTES) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

  6. Explosion Questions • What is the scientific method? • What is a Law? • What is a theory? • What is the formula for density? • What is a chemical property? • What is a physical property? • What is the law of conservation of mass? • What is the law of definite proportions? • What is the law of multiple proportions? • What is precision? • What is accuracy? • Where can I find a fire extinguisher? • Who discovered the electron? • What are the three types of radiation? • Which particle is the biggest? • Which is the smallest? • Who is Ernest Rutherford? • Is the atomic mass or atomic number always bigger? • How do you find the number of neutrons? • What is an isotope? • What is the formula for Nitrate? • What is the formula for Chlorate? • What is the formula for Sulfate? • What is a covalent compound? • What is an ionic compound?

  7. Calculating the amount of reactant or product

  8. Let’s say we are making a sandwich! In order to have a complete and delicious sandwich we need: 2 slices of bread 3 slices of Ham 5 tomatoes 4 cucumbers 1 pickle How many sandwiches can you make with: 6 slices of bread 9 slices of Ham 15 tomatoes 12 cucumbers 3 pickles 3 Sandwiches!

  9. Let’s say we are making a sandwich! In order to have a complete and delicious sandwich we need: 2 slices of bread 3 slices of Ham 5 tomatoes 4 cucumbers 1 pickle If you have 4 slices of bread, how many slices of Ham would be needed? 6 slices of Ham!

  10. Let’s say we are making a sandwich! In order to have a complete and delicious sandwich we need: 2 slices of bread 3 slices of Ham 5 tomatoes 4 cucumbers 1 pickle If you have 1 mole of pickles, how many moles of Tomatoes would be needed? 5 moles of Tomatoes!

  11. Mole Ratio: the Ratio of one compound to another in a chemical reaction Ex. CH4(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) The Mole Ratio of O2 to H2Ois 1:2

  12. What is the mole ratio for SeCl6 to Cl2? SeCl6 + O2 SeO2 + 3Cl2(g) 1:3

  13. Amounts of Reactants and Products • Steps: • Balance the equation for the reaction • Convert the known mass of the reactant or product to moles of that substance • Use the balanced equation to set up mole ratios • Use mole ratios to calculate number of moles of the desired reactant or product • Convert moles to grams if necessary

  14. We know every calculation for a chemical reaction MUST go through moles! Atoms/molecules of B Use MOLE RATIO OF A to B Avogadro’s # Atomic mass/molar mass of A Mass of A Atomic mass/molar mass of B MOLES Mass of B Avogadro’s # Atoms/molecules of A

  15. Let’s Try this out! Example 1: Solid lithium hydroxide is used in space vehicles to remove exhaled carbon dioxide from the living environment by forming solid lithium carbonate and liquid water. What mass of gaseous carbon dioxide can be absorbed by 1.00 kg of lithium hydroxide?

  16. Steps: • Balance the equation for the reaction • Convert the known mass of the reactant or product to moles of that substance • Use the balanced equation to set up mole ratios • Use mole ratios to calculate number of moles of the desired reactant or product • Convert moles to grams if necessary Example 1: Solid lithium hydroxide is used in space vehicles to remove exhaled carbon dioxide from the living environment by forming solid lithium carbonate and liquid water. What mass of gaseous carbon dioxide can be absorbed by 1.00 kg of lithium hydroxide?

  17. Let’s Try this out! Baking soda (NaHCO3) is often used as an antacid. It neutralizes excess hydrochloric acid secreted by the stomach to form sodium chloride, water and carbon dioxide Milk of magnesia (Magnesium hydroxide) is also used as an antacid to produce water and magnesium chloride. Which is the more effective antacid per gram baking soda or Milk of Magnesia? Step 1: Write out the reactions!

  18. Let’s Try this out! Try Supp Ch. 4 Problem 1

  19. Limiting Reagant

  20. Let’s say we are making a sandwich! In order to have a complete and delicious sandwich we need: 2 slices of bread 3 slices of Ham 5 tomatoes 4 cucumbers 1 pickle If you have 8 slices of bread, 6 slices of Ham, 15 tomatoes, 10 cucumbers and 2 pickles how many complete sandwiches can you make? 2 complete sandwiches!

  21. Let’s say we are making a sandwich! In order to have a complete and delicious sandwich we need: 2 slices of bread 3 slices of Ham 5 tomatoes 4 cucumbers 1 pickle If you have 8 slices of bread, 6 slices of Ham, 15 tomatoes, 10 cucumbers and 2 pickles how many complete sandwiches can you make? Ham and pickles! Which reactants were limiting? 2 complete sandwiches! How did you get 2, not 3?

  22. Limiting Reagant: reactant that is consumed first and therefore limits the amount of products that can be formed Excess Reagant: reactant that is not consumed and therefore has leftover reactant when the products are formed

  23. Let’s Try this out! Nitrogen gas can be prepared by passing gaseous ammonia over solid copper (II) oxide at high temperatures. The other products of the reaction are solid copper and water vapor. If a sample containing 18.1 g o NH3 is reacted with 90.4 g of Copper (II) oxide, A )which is the limiting reactant? B) How many grams of N2 will be formed?? Step 1: Write and balance out equation!

  24. Let’s Try this out! Try Supp Ch. 4 Problem 2a-c

  25. % Yield

  26. Theoretical Yield: The amount of product formed if the limiting reactant is completely consumed. (This is calculated) This is the MAXIMUM amount of product that can be formed.

  27. Actual Yield: The REAL amount of product formed during the reaction. (This is from experimentation) The actual yield is usually represented as a % of the theoretical amount (aka % YIELD):

  28. Let’s Try this out! Methanol (CH3OH), also called methyl alcohol is the simplest alcohol. It can be used as a fuel in race cars and is a potential replacement for gasoline. Methanol can be manufactured by combination of gaseous carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Suppose 68.5 kg Carbon monoxide is reacted with 8.60 kg of hydrogen gas. Determine the Limiting Reactant Calculate the theoretical yield of methanol B) If 3.57x104 g methanol is actually produced, what is the % yield of methanol?

  29. Let’s Try this out! PRACTICE Ch 4 Supp #3!

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