Entry Points for Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction into development

1. Entry Points for Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Reduction into development ECOWAS Sub regional platform on Disaster Risk Reduction, Niamey 13 November 2013 Sophie Baranes

2. Objectives • Improve the understanding of DRR/CCA mainstreaming • Help identify possible entry points for disaster risk reduction mainstreaming into development at country level

3. Mainstreaming (DRR/CCA) into Development ‘Mainstreaming’ something into development means ‘doing development better’ by integratingadditional qualitative considerations into the way we define, implement and evaluate development policies and programmes.

4. Why do we need to mainstream disaster risk reduction into Development? • Because development gains in Africa and other parts of the world are increasingly at risk: People; social services; infrastructures; GDP direct & indirect losses • Because human development and economic progress increase risks (ex : urban development)

5. Mainstreaming is… …a dynamicprocess with a dual purpose: • ensuring development is protected through Disaster risk reduction measures b) ensuring that development does not increase vulnerability and exposure to natural disasters

6. Mainstreaming DRR is… Assessing the implications of disaster risk on any planned development action… • … in all sectors/ priority areas/ thematic practice areas • … at all levels (regional/ national / local district) • … in all programme/ project phases (i.e. as an integral dimension of the design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes)

7. Mainstreaming DRR Is it yet another checklist?

8. Add one project/ component One-off exercise Institutionalisation DRR: 3 approaches directly address the problems indirectly address the problems Embed DRR into development: by mainstreaming DRR

9. Identify Natural National Hazard Risks Development Plans/Strategies Incorporate DRR/CCA into: Evaluate Risks Policies Accept Risks? Regulations Yes No Budget Sector Plans Monitor Identify Ways to Prevent Programmes And or Manage Risks Review (Adaptation Options) Projects Prioritise DRR/Adaptation Options Mainstreaming DRR/CCA Into Development

10. How to go about mainstreaming?

11. National Local National Local Unpacking The Process Of Mainstreaming

12. National Local National Local 1. Policy process Political Commitment & leadershipLegislation & RegulationStrategies, Policies & PlanningResource Mobilization Are commitments to risk reduction in development plans reflected in budget allocations? What legislation/ regulations are in place?

13. National Local National Local 2. Organization Location of Responsibility ((everybody business and nobody responsibility?) Internal procedures & incentivesCapacity Development (not only skills development, systematic methods and tools)Coordination & Partnership (Multi-stakeholders ) Do departments have appointed a focal point for DRR? Do these focal points have a clear understanding of DRR? Are there internal procedures to ensure regular risk assessments in projects?

14. National Local National Local 3. Advocacy & knowledge Awareness raisingPromotion of good practiceMethods &analytical toolsResearch & education (DRR curriculum, hazard mapping;;;) Are DRR awareness session part of professional trainings courses of civil servants, engineers, health workers? Public awareness campaign on culture of safety?

15. National Local National Local 4. Implementation Monitoring & evaluation Compliance & enforcement of policies and regulations/tools (sanctions for non compliance – rights based approach)Risk proofing investments Risk Reduction measures Are hazard and risk assessments carried out before construction of infrastructure? Are regulations for DRR enforced?

16. National Local National Local 5. Citizen sphere Community participation in risk identification and DRR Pressure of constituencies at local, national, regional and global level Civil society to demand change Political accountability Are decentralised political structures accountable on risk reduction issues? Do local civil society groups and communities participate in development planning?

18. Actors in DRR mainstreaming • Policy: High level government officials in interior/agriculture/development/finance departments, legislators; UN, international partners, donors, etc. • Organisation: NGOs; government line functions; academics; training experts • Advocacy and Knowledge: Professionals, such as lobby groups; NGOs; academic researchers; media • Implementation: Local government; private sector companies, particularly construction companies; external consultants for M&E • Citizens: NGOs (particularly in policy, advocacy and those working on community-based DRR), community representatives.

19. Mainstreaming Principles • There is no blueprint, not a linear process, not a step by step– context specific • Interact with other cross-cutting issues, i.e. climate change • 5 Spheres are interlinked • Strong role for Ministry of Planning and Finance • Mainstreaming is not an end in itself but to build resilience • DRR needs to go hand-in-hand with developing DM capacity • Requires multi-stakeholder involvement • At all levels of intervention (local, national, regional, global)

20. Mainstreaming DRR Is it a heavy task?

21. Mainstreaming Initiatives • MADRID Leadership training for champions (finance and planning) • Mainstreaming at regional level (AUC - ECOWAS sector policies and programs) • Mainstreaming at national level – various experiences / various The Gambia, Ghana, Nigeria, • Mainstreaming at local level using the decentralization reform as an entry point : influencing local budget allocation