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Feudalism

Feudalism. Mr. Ermer World History Miami Beach Senior High. Frankish Decline & Invaders. Carolingian Empire split in three after Charlemagne’s death; Western Frankish, Middle, Eastern Frankish kingdoms 800-900: western Europe invaded from 3 sides

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Feudalism

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  1. Feudalism Mr. Ermer World History Miami Beach Senior High

  2. Frankish Decline & Invaders • Carolingian Empire split in three after Charlemagne’s death; Western Frankish, Middle, Eastern Frankish kingdoms • 800-900: western Europe invaded from 3 sides • Muslims attack from south, Magyars from east, Vikings from north • Magyars: People from west Asia, moved into central Europe and settle on plains in Hungary, invade West • Vikings: Germanic Norsemen of Scandinavia

  3. Invasions of Europe A.D.800-1000

  4. The Vikings: Terror From The North • Invaded the European mainland in search of new trade, treasures and adventure • Sacked villages and towns, destroyed churches, easily handle small local armies • Warriors with excellent ship building skills, allowing them to sail inland on rivers and attack • By 850, Vikings build settlements in Europe • 910: western Frankish king gives Vikings lands at the mouth of the River Seine, named Normandy • Frankish king required Vikings to convert to Christianity, making them a part of European civilization—not the enemy of it

  5. The Vikings

  6. Development of Feudalism • Lack of large, central governments makes it hard for communities to defend themselves • Regular people turn to landowning aristocrats to protect them in exchange for service, this system is called Feudalism • Warriors swear loyalty to a land-owning leader, fight for them—vassals • Leaders (Lords) would provide for vassal’s needs

  7. The Feudal System

  8. The Lord’s Land

  9. The Art of War • Frankish warriors wore chain-mail armor, throwing spears • Bigger horses, and development of stirrups, allowed for armored soldiers, carrying long lances to act as battering rams, from armored horses—later known as knights • Eventually knights were base of aristocracy • Horses, weapons and armor=expensive; lords give some land to knights in exchange for loyalty • Little trade in Europe, means land= $ & power

  10. Weaponry of the Middle Ages

  11. Feudal Society • To become a vassal, a man performs act of homage to his lord • Land given to vassals, known as fief, become political domain of that vassal (almost kingdom) • As Carolingian world collapses, fiefdoms rise • System becomes more complex, as vassals have vassals who answer to them, who have vassals • The Feudal Contract: unwritten rules determining the lord-vassal relationship

  12. Nobility of the Middle Ages • Society dominated by men concerned with war • Nobles=kings, lords, dukes, counts, barons and bishops who held large estates of land & power • Differences in wealth=differences in power • Young knights, with no land or responsibility, have nothing to do but fight and train for war; giving rise to tournaments where knights can show off skills • To stop abuses of power, Catholic Church introduces an ideal of civility called chivalry • Chivalry: code of ethical behavior for knights to uphold; etiquette; politeness

  13. Chapter 4, Lesson 1 Review • On page 67, write and answer questions 1-5

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