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Unit 2: Cells

This comprehensive overview of cells introduces the foundational concepts of cell theory, which states that cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living organisms. It emphasizes that all living things are composed of one or more cells and that cells arise from preexisting cells. The text details the various organelles within animal and plant cells, including the cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, mitochondria, chloroplasts, and more. Each organelle's specific role in maintaining cellular life is explained, highlighting their importance in overall function.

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Unit 2: Cells

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  1. Unit 2: Cells

  2. The Cell Theory • The cell is the basic unit of structure and function (a.k.a. – life) • All living things are made up of 1 or more cells • Cells come from other, preexisting cells (a.k.a. – reproduction)

  3. What is a cell? • It is the smallest unit of life that carries out life functions Animal Cell Plant Cell

  4. What’s Inside? • Organelles • tiny structures within a cell that perform specific jobs to keep the cell alive

  5. Important Organelles Cytoplasm - gel-like material inside cells Cytoplasm

  6. Important Organelles – Continued… Cell Membrane - protects cell and gives it shape and controls what enters and leaves the cell. Cell Membrane

  7. Important Organelles – Continued… Nucleus - directs cell activities (brain) Nucleus

  8. Important Organelles – Continued… Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - movement of materials throughout cell ER

  9. Important Organelles – Continued… Ribosome - makes proteins Ribosomes

  10. Important Organelles – Continued… Mitochondria - the powerhouse of the cell (converts food into energy for the cell) Mitochondria

  11. Important Organelles – Continued… Chromatin/Chromosomes (DNA) - contains genetic information (inside the nucleus) Chromatin

  12. Important Organelles – Continued… Chloroplast - takes energy from the sun and makes food for the PLANT cell (not found in Animal Cells) Chloroplast

  13. Important Organelles – Continued… Cell Wall - supports and protects PLANT cells (not found in animal cells) Cell Wall

  14. Important Organelles – Continued… Vacuole - storage of food and water Vacuole

  15. Important Organelles – Continued… Golgi Body - packages and moves proteins Golgi Body

  16. Important Organelles – Continued… Lysosome - digests wastes Lysosome

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