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Graphing Basics

Master the art of graphing with essential techniques that enhance your data representation. Learn to identify the X-axis as the independent variable you’re changing and the Y-axis as the dependent variable you're measuring. Ensure both axes are properly labeled with variables and units. Choose an appropriate scale, maintaining equal and equidistant increments. Don’t forget to circle your data points for clarity. Understand the difference between interpolation and extrapolation to make accurate predictions. Use our comprehensive graphing checklist to ensure your graph effectively communicates your data.

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Graphing Basics

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  1. Graphing Basics

  2. What do I put where? • X-axis: independent variable; what you are changing • Y-axis: dependent variable; what you are measuring • Always label each axis with the variable and the UNITS!

  3. What scale do I choose to put on the axis? • Look at the lowest # and highest # that will need to be on the axis. • Make sure the increments are equal and equidistant. • The same scale does not have to be on each axis! • You may make a “break” in the axis if necessary.

  4. CIRCLE YOUR DATA POINTS • It makes the data points clear. They don’t disappear in drawn line.

  5. Best Fit Lines

  6. Interpolation vs. Extrapolation • Interpolation: estimating a value between two known points on a graph. • Extrapolation: estimating a value outside the known values (extending the graph)

  7. Graphing Checklist: • Does it have a TITLE? • Are the axes labeled with name of the variable and units? • Are the increments equal & equidistant? • Did you use as much of the available graph paper as possible? • Are your points circled? • Is the IV on the x-axis and the DV on the y-axis?

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