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Objectives

Objectives. Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: Describe the components that make up ISDN connectivity Configure ISDN BRI and legacy dial-on-demand routing (DDR) Verify DDR operation. What is ISDN?. Small office. Digital PBX.

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Objectives

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  1. Objectives • Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following tasks: • Describe the components that make up ISDN connectivity • Configure ISDN BRI and legacy dial-on-demand routing (DDR) • Verify DDR operation

  2. What is ISDN? Small office Digital PBX Providernetwork Telecommuter Home office Central site Voice, data, video, and special services

  3. ISDN Standards Standards from the ITU (formerly CCITT) Issue Protocol Key Examples Telephone Network and ISDN E.163—International TelephoneNumbering PlanE.164—International ISDN Addressing E-Series I.100 Series—Concepts, Structures, TerminologyI.400—User-Network Interfaces (UNIs) ISDN Concepts, Aspects, and Interfaces I-Series Q.921—LAPD (Link Access Procedure on the D channel)Q.931—ISDN Network Layer betweenTerminal and Switch Switching and Signaling Q-Series

  4. ISDN Access Options • BRI and PRI are used globally for ISDN Channel Capacity Mostly Used for B 64 kbps Circuit-switched data (HDLC, PPP) D 16/64 kbps Signaling information (LAPD) BRI NT1 Serviceprovider network D 2B PRI CSU/DSU D 23 or 30B

  5. BRI Call Processing ISDN service provider 1 3 4 ISDNSwitch ISDNSwitch 2 SS7 B channel(s) D channel/SS7 signaling

  6. ISDN Functions and Reference Points • Functions are devices or hardware • Reference points are demarcations or interfaces Local loop TE1 Serviceprovidernetwork NT2 NT1 S T U ISDN Terminal TE2 TA R Terminal Adapter Existing Terminal

  7. TE1 TE1 NT1 TE2 Cisco ISDN BRI Interfaces Native ISDN interface—int bri 0 Serviceprovidernetwork bri 0 NT1 S/T bri 0 S/T R NT1 TA U S0 Nonnative ISDN interface—int serial 0 (EIA/TIA-232, V.35, X.21)

  8. S S S S S S S S S S S S S ISDN Switch Types CO CO • Many providers and switch types • Services vary by regions and countries

  9. Configuring ISDN BRI • Specifies the type of ISDN switch with which the router communicates • Other configuration requirements vary for specific providers Step 1: Specify the ISDN switch type Router(config)#isdn switch-type switch-type Router(config-if)#isdn switch-type switch-type

  10. Sets a B channel SPID required by many service providers Configuring ISDN BRI (cont.) Step 2: (Optional) Setting SPIDs Router(config-if)#isdn spid1 spid-number [ ldn ] Router(config-if)#isdn spid2 spid-number [ ldn ] • Sets a SPID for the second B channel

  11. Written Exercise BRI 0 S 0 Customer Premises Local Loop Service Provider Label the functional elements and reference points

  12. Written Exercise: Answers S/T NT1 U BRI 0 U NT1 TA S/T R S 0 Customer Premises Local Loop Service Provider Label the functional elements and reference points

  13. What Is Dial-on-Demand Routing? Dallas Corporate PSTN Chicago ISDN I need to send data to Dallas. • Connect when needed • Disconnect when finished • ISDN or PSTN

  14. When to Use DDR Telecommuter Headquarters • Periodic connections • Small amounts of data Vendor

  15. Generic DDR Operation “Interesting” packet arrives DCE 1. Route to destination is determined

  16. Generic DDR Operation “Interesting” packet arrives DCE 1. Route to destination is determined 2. Interesting packets dictate DDR call

  17. Generic DDR Operation “Interesting” packet arrives Dial connection ISDN or Basic Service DCE 1. Route to destination is determined 2. Interesting packets dictate DDR call 3. Dialer information is looked up

  18. Generic DDR Operation “Interesting” packet arrives Dial connection ISDN or Basic Service DCE 1. Route to destination is determined 2. Interesting packets dictate DDR call 3. Dialer information is looked up 4. Traffic is transmitted 5. Call is terminated

  19. Configuring Legacy DDR “Interesting” packet arrives DCE Define static routes—What route do I use? 1

  20. 2 Configuring Legacy DDR “Interesting” packet arrives DCE Define static routes—What route do I use? Specify interesting traffic—What traffic enables the link? 1

  21. 2 3 Configuring DDR “Interesting” packet arrives Dial connection ISDN or Basic Service DCE Define static routes—What route do I use? Specify interesting traffic—What traffic enables the link? Configure the dialer information—What number do I call? 1

  22. Task 1: Defining Static Routes (Route to Destination) Subnets 10.10.0.0 10.20.0.0 10.1.0.1 10.1.0.2 Subnet 10.40.0.0 ISDN Home Central bri 05551000 bri 0 5552000 ip route 10.40.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.1 Specify address of next hop router ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ip route 10.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 Network prefix and prefix mask

  23. Task 2: Specifying Interesting Traffic (What Enables the Connection?) • Without Access Lists dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit Any IP traffic will initiate the link • With Access Lists (for better control) dialer-list 1 protocol ip list 101 access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq ftp access-list 101 deny tcp any any eq telnet access-list 101 permit ip any any Deny FTP Deny Telnet Any IP traffic, except FTP and Telnet, will initiate the link

  24. Task 3: Configuring the Dialer Information • Applies rules defined by dialer-list to individual interfaces hostname Home ! isdn switch-type basic-5ess ! username central password cisco interface BRI0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer map ip 10.1.0.2 name Central 5552000 dialer-group 1 no fair-queue ppp authentication chap ! router rip network 10.0.0.0 ! no ip classless ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ip route 10.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ! dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit Both valuesmust match

  25. Task 3: Configuring theDialer Information (cont.) How do I get to subnetwork 10.10.0.0? Subnets 10.10.0.0 10.20.0.0 10.1.0.1 10.1.0.2 ISDN Home Central bri 05551000 bri 0 5552000 interface BRI0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer map ip 10.1.0.2 name Central 5552000 dialer-group 1 no fair-queue ppp authentication chap Number to dial Remote host name Used for PPP CHAP

  26. Legacy DDR Configuration Tasks Summarized hostname Home ! isdn switch-type basic-5ess ! username central password cisco interface BRI0 ip address 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0 encapsulation ppp dialer idle-timeout 180 dialer map ip 10.1.0.2 name Central 5552000 dialer-group 1 no fair-queue ppp authentication chap ! router rip network 10.0.0.0 ! no ip classless ip route 10.10.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 ip route 10.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.1.0.2 dialer-list 1 protocol ip permit ! 3 1 2

  27. Optional Legacy DDR Commands Router(config-if)#dialer load-threshold load [ outbound | inbound | either ] • Establishes the amount of traffic on link before a second link is enabled • Establishes the idle time before disconnect Router(config-if)#dialer idle-timeout seconds

  28. Legacy DDR Using ACLs Configuration Example access-list 101 permit tcp any any eq smtpaccess-list 101 permit tcp any any eq telnetdialer-list 1 list 101!ip route 192.168.12.0 255.255.255.0 10.108.126.2ip route 192.168.14.0 255.255.255.0 10.108.126.2!interface bri 0ip address 10.108.126.1 255.255.255.0dialer-group 1dialer map ip 10.108.126.2 name B 5551234!dialer idle-timeout 300 Access list defininginteresting packets on Cisco A Static routes to reach destination Interface configuration for DDR Time to waitbefore dropping call 10.108.126.1 10.108.126.2 Subnets 192.168.12.0 192.168.14.0 ISDN A B

  29. Verifying Legacy DDR and ISDN Operation • Triggers a link (assuming it is part of interesting traffic) Router#ping or telnet • Displays current status of link, including amount of time link is connected Router#show dialer • When using ISDN, displays call status while call is in progress Router#show isdn active • Displays the status of an ISDN connection Router#show isdn status • Displays all routes, including static routes Router#show ip route

  30. Verifying Legacy DDR and ISDN Operation (cont.) • Shows ISDN layer 2 messages Router#debug isdn q921 • Shows ISDN call setup and teardown activity Router#debug isdn q931 • Shows call setup and teardownactivity Router#debug dialer • Clears currently establishedconnections from the interface Router(config-if)#shutdown

  31. Visual Objective wg_pc_a 10.2.2.12 pod ro’s bri0 A 10.130.0.2 B 10.135.0.2 C 10.140.0.2 D 10.145.0.2 E 10.150.0.2 F 10.155.0.2 G 10.160.0.2 H 10.165.0.2 I 10.170.0.2 J 10.175.0.2 K 10.180.0.2 L 10.185.0.2 e0/1 e0/2 e0 wg_ro_a 10.2.2.3 bri0 10.130.0.2/24 wg_sw_a 10.2.2.11 PPP with CHAP wg_pc_l 10.13.13.12 wg_ro_l PPP with CHAP e0/1 bri0 10.185.0.2/24 e0/2 e0 ISDN 10.13.13.3 wg_sw_l 10.13.13.11 ... s3/0 (pri) fa0/24 fa0/23 fa0/0 10.130.1/24 … 10.185.0.1/24 core_ server 10.1.1.1 core_ro 10.1.1.3 core_sw_a 10.1.1.2

  32. Summary • After completing this chapter, you should be able to perform the following tasks: • Identify the components in an ISDN network • Configure ISDN BRI and legacy dial-on-demand routing (DDR) • Verify DDR operation using show and debug commands

  33. Review Questions 1. Differentiate between a native and a nonnative ISDN BRI interface. 2. How do you configure a Cisco router to interface to an ISDN switch? Why do you need to be specific about the switch type? 3. List and describe the three tasks associated with configuring DDR. 4. Why might you choose to use an access list to define interesting traffic for DDR?

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