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Chapter 16 World War II

Chapter 16 World War II. 1939-1945 Standard 10. 8 Students analyze the causes and consequences of World War II. Section 1 Hitler’s Lightning War. Nonaggression pact blitzkrieg Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Battle of Britain Erwin Rommel Atlantic Charter. Setting the Stage.

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Chapter 16 World War II

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  1. Chapter 16World War II 1939-1945 Standard 10. 8Students analyze the causes and consequences of World War II Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  2. Section 1 Hitler’s Lightning War Nonaggression pact blitzkrieg Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Battle of Britain Erwin Rommel Atlantic Charter Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  3. Setting the Stage • Hitler Grabs New Territories • Rhineland • Austria • Czechoslovakia • Now he demands the Polish Corridor! Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  4. Germany Sparks a New War • Nonaggression Pact • Germany and Soviet Union agree to divide Poland • Soviet Union could take over Finland and Baltic nations (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia) Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  5. Germany’s Lightning Attack • September 1, 1939 invasion of Poland • France and Britain declare war • blitzkrieg Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  6. Invasion of Poland September 17 - Soviets attack eastern half of Poland. Then continues to the Baltic nations. Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  7. Invasion of Finland • November – 1 million Soviet troops attack Finland. • Finns finally surrender in March 1940. Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  8. Phony War • Maginot Line • Seigfried Line • Sitzkrieg Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  9. End of the Phony War • April 9, 1940 • Germany invades Denmark and Norway • Build military bases on coast in preparation for an attack on Britain Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  10. Fall of France • May 1940 • Germany invades Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg (Low Countries) • Attack through the Ardennes Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  11. Rescue at Dunkirk • Allied forces retreat to Dunkirk, French city near Belgian border • Britain sends 850 ships to the rescue • May 26- June 4 over 300,000 soldiers rescued Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  12. France Falls (1940) • June 14- Paris captured • June 22- France surrenders Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  13. Charles de Gaulle Leader of the Free French Forces Fall of France Vichy France Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  14. Battle of Britain • Winston Churchill – prime minister of Britain • “We shall never surrender” Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  15. Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old. June 4, 1940 Winston Churchill Speech Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  16. Battle of Britain II Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  17. Battle of Britain III British Royal Air Force (RAF) Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  18. Battle of Britain IV • 1940 Luftwaffe attacks • Sept. 7, 1940 cities such as London are bombed daily Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  19. Battle of Britain V • Germany continues daily raids until May 10, 1941 Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  20. Axis Forces Attack North Africa • September 1940 Italy attacks British controlled Egypt • Suez Canal – why is the canal important? Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  21. Britain Strikes Back This is a real desert fox or a Fennec fox! • Dec. 1940 – Feb. 1941 British push back Italians • Afrika Corps under command of Erwin Rommel (Desert Fox) • Germans capture Tobruk, Libya Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  22. North Africa Battleground Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  23. War in the Balkans • Hitler wants to build bases in SE Europe to launch an attack on USSR • Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary join Axis • April 1941 Germany invades Yugoslavia and Greece Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  24. June 22, 1941 Operation Barbarossa Scorched- earth policy Sept. 8 city of Leningrad attacked Russians refuse to surrender Hitler Invades Soviet Union Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  25. Hitler Invades Soviet Union II • October 2, 1941 Moscow is attacked • “NO RETREAT!” • Germans lose 500,000 soldiers Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  26. United States Aids Its Allies • 1935 Neutrality Acts (remember ?) • 1939 Cash n’ Carry • March 1941 Lend-Lease Act • Atlantic Charter • Free trade • Self-determination • Sept. 4 U-boats fire on American ships Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  27. Section 2 Japan’s Pacific Campaign Yamamoto Pearl Harbor Battle of Midway Douglas MacArthur Battle of Guadalcanal Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  28. Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor • United States believes Japanese are a threat to Philippines and Guam • Japanese attack French Indochina (Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  29. Surprise Attack II • Japanese plan attacks on British and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia • Admiral Yamamoto believes that American outposts must be attacked as well Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  30. Day Of Infamy – Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  31. Day of Infamy – Dec. 7, 1941 Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  32. Day of Infamy – Dec. 7, 1941 Japanese Attack Pearl Harbor Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  33. Dec. 7, 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor Photographs from Pearl Harbor Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  34. Pearl Harbor • Why did Japan attack Pearl Harbor? • Was the United States prepared for a war with Japan? • Why was Hawaii a strategic location for both the United States and Japan? • What were the immediate and long-term results of the attack? Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  35. Philippines Japanese Victories • Jan. 1942- Japanese attack Philippines Manila Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  36. Bataan Death March I The Bataan Death March began at Mariveles on April 10, 1942. Any troops who fell behind were executed. Japanese troops beat soldiers randomly, and denied the POWs food and water for many days. One of their tortures was known as the sun treatment. The Philippines in April is very hot. Therefore, the POWs were forced to sit in the sun without any shade, helmets, or water. Anyone who dared ask for water was executed. On the rare occasion they were given any food, it was only a handful of contaminated rice. When the prisoners were allowed to sleep for a few hours at night, they were packed into enclosures so tight that they could barely move. Those who lived collapsed on the dead bodies of their comrades. For only a brief part of the march would POWs be packed into railroad cars and allowed to ride. Those who did not die in the suffocating boxcars were forced to march about seven more miles until they reached their camp. It took the POWs over a week to reach their destination. Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  37. Bataan Death March II Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  38. Bataan Death March III Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  39. Japanese Victories “East Asia for the Asiatics” Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  40. Allies Strike Back • April 1942 Doolittle raid on Tokyo Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  41. Allies Turn the Tide • Battle of the Coral Sea • Airplanes take off from aircraft carriers attack ships • Allies stop Japan’s southward advance Midway Coral Sea Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  42. Battle of Midway • June 4, 1942 Admiral Yamamoto attacks American airfield at Midway Island • Admiral Nimitz – commander of U.S. Pacific Fleet • Turned the tide of the war towards the Allies! Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  43. An Allied Offensive “In war there is no substitute for victory.” • General Douglas MacArthur • “island-hop” strategy “I shall return.” Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  44. Allied Offensive • Battle of Guadalcanal Aug. 1942 • Japanese attempt to build airbase on the island • “Island of Death” Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  45. Section 3 The Holocaust the mass murder of Jews under the German Nazi regime Ghettoes Final Solution genocide Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  46. Holocaust Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  47. Section 4 Allied Victory Dwight Eisenhower Battle of Stalingrad D-day Battle of the Bulge kamikaze Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  48. Setting the Stage • Dec. 22, 1941- Churchill and Roosevelt meet at the White House • Stalin wants Allies to open a second front in Western Europe. Why? Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  49. North Africa Campaign Gen. Montgomery Oct. 23, 1942 – Battle of El Alamein Axis powers retreat to the west Operation Torch Nov. 8, 1942 – 100,000 troops land in Morocco led by Gen. Dwight Eisenhower Africa Korps crushed in May, 1943 Tide Turns on Two Fronts Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

  50. Operation Torch Chapter 16 WWII Standard 10.8

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