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Objectives

70-290: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment Chapter 4: Implementing and Managing Group and Computer Accounts. Objectives. Understand the purpose of using group accounts to simplify administration Create group objects using both graphical and command-line tools

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Objectives

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  1. 70-290: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 EnvironmentChapter 4:Implementing and Managing Group and Computer Accounts

  2. Objectives • Understand the purpose of using group accounts to simplify administration • Create group objects using both graphical and command-line tools • Manage security groups and distribution groups • Explain the purpose of the built-in groups created when Active Directory is installed • Create and manage computer accounts Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  3. Introduction to Group Accounts • A group is a container object • Used to organize collections of users, computers, contacts, other groups • Used to simplify administration • Similar to Organizational Units except • OUs are not security principals, groups are • OUs can only contain objects from their parent domain, groups can contain objects from within forest Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  4. Group Types • Security groups • Defined by Security Identifier (SID) • Can be assigned permissions for resources • In discretionary access control lists (DACLs) • Can be assigned rights to perform different tasks • Can also be used as e-mail entities • Distribution groups • Primarily used as e-mail entities • Do not have associated SID Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  5. Group Scopes • Scope refers to logical boundary of permissions to specific resources • Both Security and Distribution Groups have scopes • Three scopes • Objects possible within each scope dependent on configured functional level of a domain • Scope types are global, domain local, and universal Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  6. Group Scopes (continued) • Three domain functional levels: • Windows 2000 mixed: default configuration, supports a combination of Windows NT Server 4.0, 2000 Server, and Server 2003 domain controllers • Windows 2000 native: supports a combination of Windows 2000 Server and Server 2003 domain controllers • Windows Server 2003: supports Windows Server 2003 domain controllers only Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  7. Global Groups • Organize groups of users, computers, groups within the same domain • Usually represents a geographic location or job function group • Types of objects in group related to configured functional level of the domain • Depends on the types of domain controllers in environment Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  8. Domain Local Groups • Created on domain controllers • Can be assigned rights and permissions to any resource within the same domain • Can contain groups from other domains • Specific objects allowed in group related to configured functional level of the domain Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  9. Universal Groups • Typically created to aggregate users or groups in different domains • Stored on domain controllers configured as global catalog servers • Can be assigned rights and permissions for any resource within a forest • Can only be created at the Windows 2000 native or Windows Server 2003 domain functional level Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  10. Universal Groups (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  11. Creating Group Objects • Group objects are stored in Active Directory database • Variety of tools can be used can be used for creation and management • Active Directory Users and Computers • Command-line utilities • DSADD, DSMOD, DSQUERY, etc. Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  12. Active Directory Users and Computers • Primary tool • To create group accounts • Can also be used to configure properties of group accounts • Groups can be created in any built-in containers, at root of the domain object, or in custom OU objects • Possible group scopes determined by the functional level the domain is configured to Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  13. Active Directory Users and Computers (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  14. Converting Group Types • May need to change a security group to a distribution group or vice versa • Type of group can only be changed if domain functional level is Windows 2000 native or above Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  15. Converting Group Scopes • Scope of a group can be changed • Domain functional level must be at least Windows 2000 native • Supported changes • Global to universal • Domain local to universal • Universal to global • Universal to domain local Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  16. Command Line Utilities • An alternative to Active Directory Users and Computers • Some administrators have a preference for command-line utilities • Command-line utilities are more flexible for group management and creation in some situations Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  17. DSADD • Introduced in Windows Server 2003 • Used to create new user and group accounts • Syntax is • dsadd group distinguished-name switches • Switches include: -secgrp, -scope, -memberof, -members • More help is available for switches and options at Windows Server 2003 Help and Support Center or at command-line Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  18. DSADD (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  19. DSMOD • Also introduced in Windows Server 2003 • Allows various object types to be modified from the command line • Syntax is • dsmod group distinguished-name switches • Switches include: -desc, -rmmbr, -addmbr • More help is available for switches and options at Windows Server 2003 Help and Support Center or command-line Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  20. DSMOD (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  21. DSQUERY • Also introduced in Windows Server 2003 • Used to query various object types from the command line, returns values • Syntax for groups is • dsquery group query • Supports wildcard character (*) • Output can be piped as input to other command-line tools • More help is available for switches and options at Windows Server 2003 Help and Support Center or command-line Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  22. DSMOVE • Used to move or rename various object types from the command line • Syntax for groups is • dsmove group distinguished-name switches • Switches include: -newparent, -newname • Can only be used for groups within a single domain • More help is available for switches and options at Windows Server 2003 Help and Support Center or at the command-line Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  23. DSRM • Used to delete various object types from the command line • Syntax for groups is • dsrm group distinguished-name switches • Switches include: -noprompt • More help is available for switches and options at Windows Server 2003 Help and Support Center or command-line Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  24. Managing Security Groups • Strategy for managing security groups uses acronym A G U DL P: • Create user Accounts (A) and organize them within Global groups (G) • Optional: Create Universal groups (U) and place global groups from any domain in universal groups • Create Domain Local groups (DL) and add global and universal groups • Assign Permissions (P) to the domain local groups Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  25. Determining Group Membership • Important task for administrators is to ensure that users are members of correct groups • One method is via Member Of tab in the properties of a user account • Only shows first level of groups (not groups of groups) • Second method is to use DSGET • Returns values to a query Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  26. Determining Group Membership (continued) • Syntax is • dsget group distinguished-name switches • Switches include: -members, -memberof • Can also be used as dsget user to get membership information about a specific user • Output can be saved to a file: • dsget group distinguished-name switches >> filename Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  27. Built-In Groups • When Windows Server 2003 Active Directory is installed • Built-in groups are created automatically • Rights are pre-assigned • Stored in Builtin container and Users container • Use built-in groups where possible • Eases implementation of security rights Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  28. The Builtin Container • Contains a number of domain local group accounts • Allocated different user rights based on common administrative or network-related tasks Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  29. The Builtin Container (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  30. The Users Container • Contains a number of domain local and global group accounts • Some groups only found in the root domain of an Active Directory forest rather than in individual domains Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  31. The Users Container (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  32. Creating and Managing Computer Accounts • Computer accounts needed on Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP, Server 2003 • Can be created during installation or added manually later • Creation and management tools • Active Directory Users and Computers • System applet in Control Panel • Command-line utilities Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  33. Activity 4-8 (continued) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  34. Resetting Computer Accounts • Secure channel • Used by computers that are domain members to communicate with domain controller • Uses password that is changed every 30 days • Automatically synchronized between domain controller and workstation • Occasional synchronization issues arise • Administrator must reset computer account • Using Active Directory Users and Computers or Netdom.exe command from Windows Support Tools Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  35. Summary • Group accounts reduce administrative effort by enabling assignment of common rights and permissions to multiple users simultaneously • Two group security types: • Security groups • Distribution groups • Three types of scoping possible for groups • Global groups • Domain local groups • Universal groups Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  36. Summary (continued) • Group and computer accounts can be created and managed • From Active Directory Users and Computers • From command-line utilities • Builtin and User groups and containers are automatically created at installation with specific pre-assigned rights and permissions • Windows NT 4.0, 2000, XP, and Server 2003 require computer accounts in Active Directory Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

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