Ancient Egypt
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Presentation Transcript
Ancient Egypt Module 2.3
Kingdoms of Egypt • The Old Kingdom 2660 BC-2180 BC • Narmer unifying Upper and Lower Egypt • Pyramids (the great age) • Pharaohs lost power and control
Kingdoms of Egypt • The Middle Kingdom 2040 BC-1640 BC • Built canal from Nile to Red Sea • Built dykes for irrigation • Created thousands of acres of farmland • Ended when he Hyksos (Palestine) took control of Egypt • Hebrews migrated to Egypt during the Hyksos reign
Kingdoms of Egypt • The New Kingdom 1550 BC-1070 BC • Egyptian conquests into Syria and Palestine • Conflict with Hittites • Temples and Statues • Valley of the Kings and Queens • Decline was due to years of invasions…possibly the Philistines
Papyrus--Paper Scroll Piece Papyrus Plant
Egyptian Math What number is this?
Egyptian Mummies Ramses II Seti I Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II
Nubia (3100 BCE – 350 CE) and Egypt • Old Kingdom (2660 – 2180 BCE) • Trade • Middle Kingdom (2040 – 1640 BCE) • Sought control of gold mines in desert east of Nile • Sought direct access to luxury goods, Cutting out the Nubian traders (middle men, decreasing cost) • Built forts south of second cataract protect Kingdom and to control trade • Rise of Kush . . . . No connection with Egypt • New Kingdom (1532 – 1070 BCE) • Destroyed Kush • Egyptian official ruled Nubia “ Overseer of Southern Lands” • Egypt exploited gold mines / many Nubian deaths • Imposed Egyptian culture • Coerced submission by holding family member captive • Served as Archers in Egyptian military • Modeled Egyptian Architecture • Adopted Gods – evidence of Amon
Nubia and Egypt – 700BCE • New Kingdom falls in 1080 • Powerful new Native Kingdom emerges in Southern Nubia • 800 – 400 BCE headquarters located in Napata, an old Egyptian headquarters • From 400 BCE to 400 CE – the center of the Kindgom was located are MEROE • From 712 BCE to 660 BCE Nubian Kings ruled all of Egypt – ruled like Egyptian rulers (took control of Egypt from Libyan invaders) • Kept Nubian names • Physical features depicted as sub-saharan peoples • Egyptian renaissance • Rule from the city of Memphis – the Old Kingdom Capitol • Driven back south to Nubia by Assyrian Empire in retaliation to their efforts to aid local ruler in Palestine who were struggling against the Assyrian Empire
Egyptian Influence in Nubia • Religion • Architecture • Language - Heiroglyphics • Royal rituals
