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Bell Ringer:

This text explores the concepts of immigration, the melting pot theory, and the salad bowl theory, including historical statistics and sources of immigration. Learn about the different theories and their impact on American culture.

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Bell Ringer:

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  1. Bell Ringer: • 10 minutes: – Finish Test Corrections and hand out graded work – IF FINISHED WITH TEST CORRECTIONS DO THE FOLLOWING: • Analyze political cartoons: – 1. Observe- write down concrete items you see for both pictures. – 2. Infer- write down what you can infer about each cartoon from the concrete items you found. – 3. Compare- Explain the different opinions portrayed by the 2 cartoons.

  2. What is immigration? Salad Bowl Theory Melting Pot Theory Immigration is the movement of people from one country or region to another in order to make a new home. Immigrate = enter Emigrate = leave

  3. What is an immigrant? An immigrant is a person who moves from one country or region to another in order to make a new home. Picture from: http://www.hmongstudies.org/HmongCulturalCenterESLProgramPhotos05.html

  4. Brainstorm the difference: • Write: – Brainstorm the difference between the melting pot theory of immigration and the salad bowl theory of immigration.

  5. “Salad Bowl” • After 1970: Salad Bowl – Different cultures mix but remain distinct – Belief that it is important to value and preserve cultural differences in a society • (this term has become more politically correct)

  6. “Melting Pot” • Theory of immigration • Believing in the Melting Pot idea is to believe that a unique American culture would emerge from the blending of Old World cultures.

  7. Some Statistics

  8. Immigration to the United States 1820-2000 Immigration to US 1820-2000 10,000,000 Period 1820-30 1831-40 1841-50 1851-60 1861-70 1871-80 1881-90 1891-00 1901-10 1911-20 1921-30 1931-40 1941-50 1951-60 1961-70 1971-80 1981-90 1991-00 Total 151,824 599,125 1,713,251 2,598,214 2,314,824 2,812,191 5,246,613 3,687,564 8,795,386 5,735,811 4,107,209 528,431 1,035,039 2,515,479 3,321,677 4,493,314 7,338,062 9,095,417 9,000,000 8,000,000 7,000,000 6,000,000 5,000,000 4,000,000 3,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000 0 1820-30 1831-40 1841-50 1851-60 1861-70 1871-80 1881-90 1891-00 1901-10 1911-20 1921-30 1931-40 1941-50 1951-60 1961-70 1971-80 1981-90 1991-00 This chart and table show the number of immigrants that came to the United States from 1820-2000. What three time periods experienced the highest number of immigrants? Source of data: Immigration and Naturalization Service, US Department of Justice

  9. 1820-1880 Main Sources of Immigration • In this period of time almost 10.2 million immigrants came to the United States • The main countries the immigrants came from were in Northern and Western Europe “ “Old Immigrants” ”

  10. 1820-1880 Main Sources of Immigration The three main countries that immigrants came from in 1820-1880 Germany 3.0 million

  11. 1820-1880 Main Sources of Immigration The three main countries that immigrants came from in 1820-1880 Ireland 2.8 million

  12. 1820-1880 Main Sources of Immigration The three main countries that immigrants came from in 1820-1880 United Kingdom 1.9 million

  13. 1881-1920 Main Sources of Immigration • In this period of time almost 23.5 million immigrants came to the United States • The main countries the immigrants came from were in Southern and Eastern Europe • New Immigrants

  14. 1881-1920 Main Sources of Immigration Italy 4.0 million

  15. 1881-1920 Main Sources of Immigration Austria Hungary 4.0 million (Austria and Hungary are now separate countries. The maps below show each of them) Austria Hungary

  16. The three main countries that immigrants came from in 1881-1920 Soviet Union: 4.0 million The Union of the Soviet Social Republics (Soviet Union) was formed in 1917 and ended in 1991. The 15 states of the Soviet Union are now each their own country which are shown on this map. They are Russia, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldava.

  17. Foreign Born Population, Top Countries of Origin 1920 Foreign Born Population, Top Countries of Origin 1920 14 12.1 11.6 12 10.1 10 8.2 8.2 8.2 8 7.5 6 4.5 4.1 4 3.5 2 0 Ireland Italy Soviet Union Germany Mexico Great Britain Sweden Austria Poland Canada Percentage of foreign born population from each country Source of data: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce

  18. Foreign Born Population, Top Countries of Origin 1960 Foreign Born Population, Top Countries of Origin 1960 14 12.9 12 10.2 9.8 10 7.9 7.7 8 7.1 5.9 6 4 3.5 3.1 2.5 2 0 Hungary Ireland Italy Soviet Union Germany Mexico Great Britain Poland Austria Canada Percentage of foreign born population from each country Source of data: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce

  19. Foreign Born Population, Top Countries of Origin 2000 Foreign Born Population, Top Countries of Origin 2000 30 27.6 25 20 15 10 4.3 5 3.8 3.5 3.4 3 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.4 0 China and Hong Kong San Salvador Dominican Republic Mexico India Phillippines Cuba Korea Vietnam Canada Percentage of foreign born population from each country Source of data: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce

  20. Immigration 1820-1996 Top Ten Countries of Last Residence Philippines 3% Hungary 4% Germany 18% Austria 4% Germany Soviet Union, former 9% Mexico Italy United Kingdom Mexico 13% Ireland Canada 11% Canada Soviet Union, former Austria Hungary Italy 13% Ireland 12% Philippines United Kingdom 13% Source of data: Immigration and Naturalization Service, US Department of Justice

  21. Immigration 1981-1996 Top 10 Countries of Birth Cuba 3% Jamaica 4% El Salvador 5% Mexico Korea 6% Philippines Vietnam Mexico 42% India 6% China Dominican Republic Dominican Republic 7% India Korea China 7% El Salvador Jamaica Vietnam 9% Cuba Philippines 11% Source of data: Immigration and Naturalization Service, US Department of Justice

  22. Push and Pull Factors! • Activity: – On a piece of paper: – List 5 Push Factors: Reasons that would convince you to leave the U.S. to another country, where a better life would be possible for you and your family-> What would “push” you to immigrate to another country from the U.S. – List 5 Pull Factors: Pick a country you would immigrate to if you had to leave the U.S. What are the reasons you would go to this particular country?->What “pulls” you there.

  23. BELL RINGER: • Friday Song- Review Questions • When song is finished: Citizenship test together – http://www.ellisisland.org/quizzes/quiz_ a.asp

  24. Immigration to the United States from 1789 to 1930 made the U.S. what it is today. Considered the melting pot of the world, the U.S. incurred immigration from many countries around the world, especially from Europe.

  25. Many immigrants came as whole families. Others came one at a time and sent for other family members as they could afford it.

  26. Immigration began in force in the late 1700’s / early 1800’s. Scotch-Irish were some of the first immigrants to settle in the new United States. These immigrants settled west of the Appalachian Mountains in an area known as “the back country”. They settled in this area to take advantage of farming opportunities. Since then, the Irish have been one of the top immigrating groups to our country. Below is a picture of Irish immigrants in the early 1900’s.

  27. Swedish immigrants began arriving in the United States during the early and middle 1800’s. These immigrants brought with them skilled trades, such as carpentry and furniture-making. Swedish workers would make a major impact on woodworking and other construction skills for years to come.

  28. Eastern and southern European immigrants began arriving in the United States in the middle 1800’s and early 1900’s. Italians became one of the first southern European immigrant groups to migrate to the United States. The skills and expertise they brought with them included stone-masonry, which can be seen today in the numerous churches across the eastern and middle United States. Here is a picture of Italian immigrants arriving at Ellis Island in the early 1900’s.

  29. German immigrants originally came to the United States to take advantage of the abundance of land and the opportunity to farm, both in food crops and dairy products. They also contributed to scientific research and technological advances.

  30. Other Contributions of Ethnic groups Ethnic group Irish american German american Russian Jewish Hispanic american Food or Music Potatoes Brats, Sauer- Kraut October- Fest Brisket Salsa, tacos Fajitas St.Patrick's Day Customs Hanukah 5thof May Famous members Henry Ford Albert Einstein Henry Kissinger Oscar De la Renta

  31. PG. 443-444 -Push and Pull Factors -New Immigrants in America

  32. Ellis Island • 1stView of America • 6-Second Medical Exam • Complete Medical Exams by 1917 • Legal Inspection • 1921-Visa and Literacy Test

  33. • Shortcut to DSCN1913[1]

  34. Video Clips • http://www.history.com/videos/immigrants -detained-at-ellis-island#immigrants- detained-at-ellis-island • http://www.history.com/videos/immigrants -detained-at-ellis-island#passing-the- medical-inspection-at-ellis-island • http://www.history.com/videos/immigrants -detained-at-ellis-island#ellis-island- registering-as-an-american-citizen

  35. Angel Island • Asian Immigrants arrived on the West coast, where they settled mainly in cities.

  36. • Nativism- an extreme dislike of immigrants by native-born people. • Pg. 446-447 • Read for explanation: Write 2 to three sentences for each about how nativism relates to these terms. – Anti-Catholic – Chinese Exclusion Act – Gentlemen’s Agreement – Literacy Test »Draw names for sharing.

  37. Problems of Urbanization • Lack of Housing and open areas of land • Lack of safe and efficient transportation • Fire Hazards • Crime • Lack of Sanitation • Water

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