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Integrated Crop Pest Management

Integrated Crop Pest Management. Montana Small Grain Guide. ICPM. combines chemical, biological and cultural pest control methods with crop management strategies designed for Maximum Profit Management should efficiently convert water into grain. Is ICPM for you?.

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Integrated Crop Pest Management

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  1. Integrated Crop Pest Management Montana Small Grain Guide

  2. ICPM • combines chemical, biological and cultural pest control methods with crop management strategies designed for Maximum Profit • Management should efficiently convert water into grain

  3. Is ICPM for you? • In years of abundant rainfall, do my yield levels increase by 7 bushels per inchof additional moisture for barley (4-5 for wheat)? • Do I select a variety that yields best for my location, and has the specific insect and disease resistance necessary? • Is my fertility program based on soil test results, soil moisture, & probable rainfall?

  4. Is ICPM for you? • Do I plant early enough and use adequate seeding rates and row spacing to allow maximum yields? • Does money spent on fertilizer produce profit? • Can I identify weed seedlings, plant disease symptoms and various types of insect damage

  5. Is ICPM for you? • Other than chemical control, do I know additional methods to control crop pests? • Do I examine fields during the growing season other than from the pickup? • Do I accurately measure and record precipitation? • Can I manage crop residue to minimize disease and weed problems, while conserving water?

  6. Is ICPM for you? • If you answered “NO” to any of these questions, ICPM could be for you.

  7. Field Scouting • Crop and pest monitoring should be based on four or more locations within the field. • avoid field borders, fence rows, ditch banks • weeds, insects, disease etc. • keep written records • When to scout • seedling-tillering • tillering-jointing • jointing-heading • heading-maturity

  8. What to look for when scouting • Seedling stage • weeds • soil moisture • plant population • leaf diseases • cutworms • wireworms • aphids

  9. What to look for when scouting • Tillering stage • weeds • plant population • viruses • leaf diseases • cutworms • wireworms • aphids • hessian fly

  10. What to look for when scouting • Jointing stage • viruses • leaf diseases • aphids • hessian fly • sawfly adults

  11. What to look for when scouting • Heading stage • smut • root rots • viruses • leaf diseases • wheat stem maggots • aphids

  12. What to look for when scouting • Maturity • plant height • weeds (especially perennials) • plant head • population • smut • root rots • sawfly

  13. Collecting a plant sample • gently pull or dig plant (keep soil intact) • press soil and roots into a firm ball, place in plastic bag and seal. keep leaves outside bag • keep cool until taking to the county agent or mailing to MSU

  14. Estimating Grain Yield • select appropriate length of row to measure 1 sq. ft. of land (Table I-3) • select at random 10 sites and measure the predetermined length of row (from step #1) • in each of the rows, count the number of heads • determine the number of kernels per head by obtaining 25 heads from the field at random and counting the kernels in each head

  15. Estimating Grain Yield • calculate the number of seeds per sq. ft. (hds/sq ft) x (seeds/hd) = (seeds/ft) • calculate yield, divided seeds per sq. ft. by the following: • wheat = 20 • 2-row barley = 12 • 6-row barley = 14 • yield = (seeds/sq. ft) / conversion factor

  16. Estimating Grain Yield • Example: • 6” row spacing • Row length = 24” • Avg. Number of heads in row = 37 • Avg. number of seeds/hd = 26.1 • seeds/sq. ft. = 37 x 26.1 = 966 • 966 / 20 = 48.3

  17. Crop Management Information • Field Season Summary Sheet: • Precipitation information (at least every 15 days) oil will prevent evaporation • Stored soil water at planting time • Potential yield • Harvested yield, test weight, protein • Cropping history (Sp. Wht / SF/ Barley)

  18. Crop Management Information • Field situation (variety & planting info) • Soil test summary • Fertilizer treatments & dates • Herbicide treatments & dates

  19. Yield Evaluation • compare harvested yield to predicted • if potential is not achieved, determine yield limiting factors • herbicide damage can cause yield loss up to 7 bu/ac

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