AS Unit 2

1. AS Unit 2 Rules of the GAME

2. Every mark counts

3. THE EXAM • All questions are compulsory. • The answer booklet dictates how much you write. • Your answers are clipped when they are marked. Write in black felt liner

4. THE EXAM Can I use bullet points? • One extended writing question where QOWC marks are allocated. • 72 marks for the whole paper in 90 minutes i.e. about 1 ¼ minutes per mark • 4 mark question = 5 minutes

5. GETTING INTO THE MIND OF THE PRINCIPAL EXAMINER Specification • Conformity (majority influence) and explanations of why people conform, including informational social influence and normative social influence. • Types of conformity, including internalisation and compliance. • Obedience to authority, including Milgram’s work and explanations of why people obey. • Questions are set from the specification. • Don’t rely on textbooks. • For each topic know the SPECIFICATION. • For each topic be aware of POSSIBLE questions. • Use past papers. • Write your own questions.

7. Patterns

8. QT 1 Simple selection

9. QT 1 Simple selection Answer strategies? Only 50% of students got this right. If you tick too many your answer is null and void.

10. QT 2 Short description

11. QT 2 Short description Outline two explanations of why people obey. (2 marks + 2 marks) Outline what is meant by Type A behaviour. (2 marks) Outline a method used by psychologists to assess whether someone shows Type A behaviour. (2 marks) Outline two definitions of abnormality. (3 marks + 3 marks) What is meant by informational social influence. (3 marks)

12. QT 2 Short description What is meant by informational social influence. (3 marks)

13. QT 2 Short description Outline what is involved in stress inoculation therapy. (3 marks) What is stress inoculation therapy? (3 marks)

14. QT 2 Short description What is involved in stress inoculation therapy? (3 marks)

15. 6 markers How as well as what

17. 6 markers How as well as what 6 markers

18. QT 3 Differences Explain how informational social influence differ from normative social influence. (4 marks) Explain how the behavioural approach to abnormality differs from the psychodynamic approach. (4 marks)

19. QT 3 Differences Explain how informational social influence differ from normative social influence. (4 marks) Information SI is about being right. For example … Normative SI is about wanting to be liked. For example … Information SI is about being right whereas normative SI is about wanting to be liked. For example in Asch’s study it might appear that the reason for conformity was wanting to be right but in fact the participants might have conformed because they were concerned about what the others thought.

20. QT 4 Longer description (theories) A theory = an inter-related collection of facts

21. QT 4 Longer description Using your knowledge of psychology, explain why some people might resist pressures to conform. (4 marks) Explain one or more reasons why people obey authority. (6 marks) Outline the psychodynamic approach to psychopathology. (6 marks) Outline the behavioural approach to psychopathology. (6 marks)

25. Six marks worth 6 marks is about 150 words or 6 points of about 25 words. Outline biological methods of stress management. (6 marks) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

26. A prècis is a summary where one cuts out less important material leaving the key bits. goldennuggets. Why it works • Produces a précis of text. • Gives you the coat pegs. • Ensures you learn just the right amount (not too much or too little). • And assists recall.

27. AO1 Description

28. Good AO1 is DETAILEDThe devil is in the detail • ‘Repression is when you don’t remember certain events.’ • More detail: ‘Repression is when you don’t remember traumatic events.’ • Even more detail: ‘According to Freud (1918) repression is when you don’t remember traumatic events.’

29. QT 5 Research studies Not the same as research methods!

30. QT 5 Research studies Describe one research study that has investigated stress in the workplace. In your answer you should include details of what was done and what was found. (4 marks) WHAT Describe one or more studies of workplace stress. (5 marks) HOW Outline how one research study investigated the effects of control of on workplace stress. (4 marks) SHOW Outline what research has shown about personality factors in stress. (4 marks) Outline what research has shown about how people resist pressures to conform. (4 marks)

31. Avoid confabulation How many studies do you have to know? Describe and evaluate research into conformity. Describe research into conformity. You MUST know one study well for the long description questions. You SHOULD know a 2nd study for essay questions. You COULD learn about a 3rd study. This would give you 2 or 3 marks AO1 for an essay. This would give you about 4 out of 6 marks AO1. This could make it up to 6 out of 6 marks. 1 ½ studies

32. Not CHD 1 ½ studies

33. 1 ½ studies

34. Research studies might be used as evaluation … but then description of the studies is less important.

35. EXAM QUESTION What’s the catch? Explain what psychological research has shown about the stressful impact of either life changes or daily hassles. (4 marks)

36. QT 6 Criticisms, strengths limitations … evaluation

37. QT 6 Criticisms, strengths limitations … evaluation Evaluate the biological approach to abnormality. (6 marks) 5 a. Name one psychological method of stress management. (1 mark) 5 b. Explain strengths of this psychological method of stress management. (5 marks) Identify one definition of abnormality and explain one limitation associated with this definition. (3 marks) The three point rule

38. One definition of abnormality is deviation from social norms Explain one limitation of this definition. (3 marks) THREE POINT RULE • STATE your criticism (What is it?) Top and bottom your paragraphs. • EVIDENCE (‘Why is that true in this study?’) • SO WHAT? it (e.g. ‘Why is this a good or bad thing?’)

39. QT 7 Extended writing questions

40. QT 7 Short essays ‘Abnormality can be defined as ‘the failure to function adequately’. Outline and evaluate this definition of abnormality. (6 marks) Outline and evaluate one research study related to conformity (majority influence). (6 marks) Discuss one or more explanations of independent behaviour, for example, how people resist pressures to conform or obey. (8 marks) Outline and evaluate the biological approach to psychopathology. (8 marks) Describe and evaluate one or more biological methods of stress management. (10 marks)

41. QT 7 Long essays Outline and evaluate research into the relationship between the immune system and stress-related illness. (12 marks) Discuss the cognitive approach to psychopathology. (12 marks) ‘There are several methods used to manage the negative effects of stress. These methods can be biological or psychological.’ Discuss two or more methods of stress management. (12 marks) “Not everyone conforms or obeys authority; some people resist these pressures and remain independent.”” Outline and evaluate research relating to independent behaviour. (12 marks)

42. THE ESSAY QUESTIONS Grade A 75% = 4 ½ Pass 45%

43. Grade A 75% = 4 ½ Pass 45%

45. Structure 12 marks = 12 points (about 300 words) Depth and breadth

46. 1 ½ studies 1 ½ therapies

47. 1 ½ studies 3 explanations

49. Research into Life changes as a source of stress Essay plan 1 research study

50. QT 8 Research methods Not the same as research studies!