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Characteristics and Economics of the Antebellum South: A Study of Society and Slavery

This analysis delves into the antebellum South, highlighting its characteristics and stark economic reality. The South, primarily agrarian, saw a shift in economic power from the "upper" to the "lower" South, with cotton dominating exports by 1860. Slow industrial development and inadequate transportation hampered growth. Southern society was hierarchically structured, with plantation owners, white yeoman farmers, and a significant population of enslaved individuals. Key features include the emergence of the Graniteville Textile Co. and the intricate workings of slavery, including cotton production and its societal implications.

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Characteristics and Economics of the Antebellum South: A Study of Society and Slavery

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  1. The Antebellum South

  2. Early Emancipation in the North

  3. Missouri Compromise, 1820

  4. Antebellum Southern Society

  5. Characteristics of the Antebellum South • Primarily agrarian. • Economic power shifted from the “upper South” to the “lower South.” • “Cotton Is King!” * 1860--> 5 mil. bales a yr. (57% of total US exports). • Very slow development of industrialization. • Rudimentary financial system. • Inadequate transportation system.

  6. Southern Society (1850) “Slavocracy”[plantation owners] 6,000,000 The “Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers] Black Freemen 250,000 Black Slaves3,200,000 Total US Population --> 23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%]

  7. Southern Population (1860)

  8. Antebellum Southern Economy

  9. Graniteville Textile Co. Founded in 1845, it was the South’s first attempt at industrialization in Richmond, VA

  10. Southern Agriculture

  11. Slaves Picking Cottonon a Mississippi Plantation

  12. Slaves Using the Cotton Gin

  13. Changes in Cotton Production 1820 1860

  14. Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports

  15. “Hauling the Whole Week’s Pickings”William Henry Brown, 1842

  16. Slaves Workingin a Sugar-Boiling House, 1823

  17. The South's "Peculiar Institution"

  18. Slave Auction Notice, 1823

  19. Slave Auction: Charleston, SC-1856

  20. Slave Accoutrements Slave MasterBrands Slave muzzle

  21. Anti-Slave Pamphlet

  22. Slave Accoutrements Slave leg irons Slave tag, SC Slave shoes

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