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Mastering Acid Naming Techniques for Chemistry Success

Learn the formulas and naming conventions for binary, ternary acids in chemistry, including examples and key principles to grasp the concepts effectively.

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Mastering Acid Naming Techniques for Chemistry Success

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  1. Unit 7.3 Naming Acids Teacher: Dr. Van Der Sluys

  2. Objectives • Formulas of acids • Naming acids

  3. Formulas of Acids • An acid is a substance that when dissolved in water, dissociates or breaks apart into a hydrogen ion (H+) and an anion. • Acids always have hydrogen as the first element in the formula, • HCl (aq), HNO3 (aq), H2SO4 (aq), etc.

  4. Naming Binary Acids • Binary acids contain only two elements, hydrogen and a monatomic anion whose name ends in the suffix -ide. • To name a binary acid like HCl • Begin the name with the prefix hydro- • Next use the root of the second elements name, e.g. chlor • Replace the suffix of the anion with the suffix -ic • Add the word acid • HCl is hydrochloric acid

  5. Examples • HF • H2S • HBr • H2O • Hydroiodic acid • Hydronitric acid • Hydroselenic acid

  6. Ternary Acids • Ternary acids contain three elements, with hydrogen being the first element in the formula and oxygen being the last. • To name a ternary acid such as H2SO4 • Remove the hydrogen ion(s) and determine the formula of the anion • Replace the suffix • -ate becomes -ic acid • -ite becomes -ous acid • H2SO4 anion SO42-sulfuric acid

  7. Polyatomic Ions • Have you memorized the polyatomic ions yet?

  8. Examples • HClO4 • H3PO4 • HNO3 • HNO2 • Acetic acid • Hypochlorous acid • Carbonic acid

  9. Summary • Binary Acids Hydro ___ic acid • Ternary Acids If the anion is -ate it becomes _____ic acid If the anion is -ite it becomes _____ous acid

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