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Catalyst

Catalyst. Objective. I can identify the solute and solven t in a solution. I can explain the dissolving process. What is a mixture? Give an example and explain. What is a solution? Give and example and explain. Agenda. Catalyst Intro to Solutions Reading Activity: Paintball

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Catalyst

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  1. Catalyst Objective • I can identify the solute and solvent in a solution. • I can explain the dissolving process. • What is a mixture? Give an example and explain. • What is a solution? Give and example and explain. Agenda • Catalyst • Intro to Solutions • Reading Activity: Paintball • Exit Slip • HW: Read pp. 454-459 problems p. 459 # 3, 4, 5, and 12.

  2. What is a mixture? • Video Clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GW-fYAUrYa4 • Focus questions: What are the components of the mixture the chef is making? Are all the ingredients equally spread out or are some clumped together?

  3. Notes: Solutions Chemistry 11.26 & 27 2012

  4. Solutions Vocabulary 1. Mixture: a blend of two or more substances (Ex- sand, soda) • Homogeneous mixture: The same throughout • Heterogeneous mixture: Not the same throughout

  5. Sort those mixtures! • Sort the following mixtures into the chart! • Apple juice, chicken noodle soup, salt water, koolaid, soda, chex mix, sand, pizza, bag of garbage, aqueous hydrogen chloride, air • Think, Pair, Share: Share your lists with your neighbor, discuss any differences.

  6. Solutions Vocabulary • 2.Solutionsare homogeneous mixtures (the same throughout)

  7. Solutions cont… • Solute—present in the smallest amount (its what gets dissolved) 4.Solvent—Present in the greatest amount (it dissolves the solute) • Example: 20g of Sugar dissolved in 100g of water • Solute = sugar • Solvent = water NOTE: There is always more solvent than solute! Dissolved solute particles Solvent

  8. Identify the solute & solvent: Ex: A kid mixes 200mL of cranberry juice with 500mL of orange juice to make a solution. What is the solute and what is the solvent? • A solution of gas is made from 10% Oxygen, 25% Chlorine, and 65% Nitrogen. What is the solvent? What are the solutes? • Gasoline is a mixture of 100g of propane, 200g of octane and 400g of pentane. What is the solvent? • A tropical fish has to live in salt water that is 3.5% salt. What is the solvent and what is the solute?

  9. Solutions solute • H2O, water is known as the universal solvent. Most reactions happen in water! is added to solvent to make solution

  10. DISSOLVING: How do things Dissolve? • Kinetic Molecular Theory: the random motion of particles causes the solute and solvent to move around until they are uniformly spread out. • Note: This is a physical change! Not a chemical reaction. (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdedxfhcpWo&feature=related

  11. Paint ball reading activity • Read the article and answer the reading questions on your own sheet of paper.

  12. Paintball Article Review • Gelatin – comes from pig skin and other animal sources. • The paintball breaks down (the gelatin) when it is put in water. The gelatin forms a gel in water. • The PEG is tasteless, colorless, dissolves in water, and does not dissolve the gelatin shell. The PEG is water soluble and this means it can wash out of clothes and not hurt the environment.

  13. 7. PEG is water soluble because it is polar and this allows it to hydrogen bond with water. • 8. like dissolve like means that polar substances dissolve in other polar substances. Nonpolar dissolves nonpolar as well. • 9. The compressed CO2 has a high pressure. When the pressure is released the volume increases and the paintball shoots out of the gun. • 12. The CO2 is highly compressed. This means that there is not enough room for the CO2 to be in the gas form.

  14. Exit Slip • Draw a picture and give an example of a heterogeneous mixture. • Draw a picture and give an example of a homogenous mixture. • A teaspoon of salt dissolves in a cup of water. Is this evidence of a physical change or chemical change? Explain. • A tablespoon of instant coffee crystals dissolves in a cup of hot water. Are the coffee crystals the solute or solvent? Explain.

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