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NOAO Major Instrumentation Program: Long Range Planning

NOAO Major Instrumentation Program: Long Range Planning. NOAO Users’ Committee David Sprayberry October 6, 2006. Outline. Quick review of current projects Motivations NOAO Scientific Staff process Ideas generated “The Way Forward”. NEWFIRM. Optical Tests → great results!

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NOAO Major Instrumentation Program: Long Range Planning

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  1. NOAO Major Instrumentation Program: Long Range Planning NOAO Users’ Committee David Sprayberry October 6, 2006

  2. Outline • Quick review of current projects • Motivations • NOAO Scientific Staff process • Ideas generated • “The Way Forward” ...

  3. NEWFIRM • Optical Tests → great results! • Tribute to entire team: • Design, Fabrication, Assembly and Test all successful. • Next Cold Cycle this month • Vendors ... • First light: Jan • SV Planning

  4. MONSOON • Backlog cleared • QUOTA working • DECam Review positive • ODI Selection • Development work continuing • ODI • Torrent • New interest cropping up all over...

  5. SAM: SOAR Adaptive Optics Module • PDR passed in Dec • “Mini-reviews” since: • WFS optics • Module/structure • Parts in fab, science channel optics well along • Science channel/NGS delivery late 2007 • LGS delivery late 2008

  6. MIP LRP: Motivations • Finishing NEWFIRM • Last report of this Committee • NSF Senior Review • MIP Activities Next ~2-3 years: • ODI in North, SAM in South, MONSOON both • Begin fleshing out 1 or 2 concepts for new instruments • Could push development further if partners appear

  7. Scientific Staff Input • IPAC meetings over last 12 months • Including presentations of ideas • All-staff meeting September 12 • Reviewed likely context • Summarized ideas • Much useful feedback • Context...

  8. Ground capabilities: 8-12 m • Strong emphasis on high spatial resolution • Complex AO systems, arcmin to arcsec FOV • Highly multiplexed spectroscopy • Keck DEIMOS, MOSFIRE (2010) • HET VIRUS (2009) • VLT VIMOS, KMOS (2011), HAWK-I (2007?), X-Shooter (date?) • Gemini FLAMINGOS-2 (2007), WFMOS (?) • LBT Lucifer (2007, 2008) • Widefield optical imaging • Magellan IMACS • Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam

  9. Ground: 4-m, NOAO / AURA • Emphasis on improved spatial resolution • WIYN TTM, SOAR SAM --> instrument feeds • Building on widefield optical imaging strength • ODI (2009) • DEC (2009) • Adding time domain • LSST (2013) • Extending frequency domain • ALMA rampup 2007-2011, full ops 2012 • FOV ~10-60” at 0.005-0.25 “/pixel

  10. Space capabilities 2011 • Hubble: retired 2010 • Huge archive, diffr limited optical images • Spitzer: out of gas 2009, out of cash 2011 • Huge archive, mid/far IR, ~1-10”/pix images, low res spectra • Herschel: just finished FIR mission • Planck: finished COBE followup mission • GALEX, Chandra, XMM: missions ended 2007-2010 • GAIA: just launched, 5 yr MW astrometry mission • SOFIA: 2 yrs full ops, mid/far IR • JWST: two years from launch…standing by…

  11. Survey Landscape in 2010 • Ground-based surveys: • SDSS all done (?) • NEWFIRM/WFCAM/WIRCAM, PANSTARRS/VISTA operating • WFMOS/HSC under construction? • LSST under construction • Space-based surveys: • WISE in orbit? (2008?) 3.5-23mm • Herschel in orbit? (2007?) 57-670mm • GLAST in orbit? (2007?) GRB • Other stuff more uncertain Science follow-up of imaging survey products: Wide-field spectroscopic surveys Rare-object spectroscopy Variable objects Arjun Dey

  12. The Yin and Yang of 4 meter instruments

  13. SOIREE: Single Object O/IRExtremely Efficient spectrograph • 0.35 < λ < 1.6 μm • K more costly but possible • Cool how much for λ range? • R ~ 3000 • Throughput > 30% • Rapid faint-object acquisition (slit-viewing guider? New TCS?) • Use O & IR modes together or separately; 3+ channels • Slit length ~ 1’ • ADC? Need trade study • N&S? ‘scope or internal? • Efficiency gains from: • VPH gratings • Modern dichroics • Optimized coatings, detectors

  14. Possible science applications: • Redshifts of bright, rare/variable targets where wide wavelength coverage is necessary (GRBs, high-z QSOs, SNe) • Reverberation mapping of QSOs (monitoring of continuum and broad lines - can use same line over broad z range) • Redshifts of objects with breaks near 1mm (z~1.5 luminous galaxies, z~7-8 bright QSOs) • Temporal monitoring of OIR spectra of core-collapse Sne (large l coverage => better theoretical constraints) • Multi-wavelength monitoring of variable sources (CVs, weird stars, new - LSST - classes of variables) • Searches for very cool (L,T,Y) brown dwarfs • Multiwavelength spectral atlas of Galactic stars (WISE/Herschel/JWST) • Low-res Spectral Atlas of nearby (SDSS) galaxies for population synthesis Arjun Dey

  15. 4CES: 4-meter Cryogenic Echelle Spectrograph • 1 < λ < 5 μm • R ~ 50,000 • Slit 0.8” x 15” • High Throughput • Si immersion grating • Single 2k x 2k array • IR slit-viewer for acquisition & guiding • Minimize modes, parts = minimize cost Schematic of an accretion disk around a T Tauri pre-main sequence object

  16. High Spectral Resolution Science • Origin of elements of life • Physics of star formation regions • Accretion disks • Chemistry of the ISM, especially H3+ • Masses for very low mass stars • Astrochemistry of elementary life molecules, C2H2, HCN, … • Flows in circumstellar envelopes • Unique ISM, PN diagnostics: H2, forbidden lines,… • Magnetic fields, rotation, Doppler imaging,…

  17. “Niche” Instrument Ideas

  18. A Few Observations • Not all these ideas are mutually exclusive: • Ex: Speckle and/or STUFFIS are cheap enough that they could easily be done with another • Ex: 3CPO and/or OVNI should be quicker, could be phased around/ahead of a larger project • Only Speckle & STUFFIS are scope-specific • Others could in principle go anywhere • None of these are wide FOV: • Cost driver • Covered with ODI, DEC, NEWFIRM, Hydra

  19. Costs, Generally • Costs not well-known for most • Plan to do concept studies of 1 or 2 in FY07 • NOAO/MIP not expected to have sufficient resources to build a new instrument alone • Except for Speckle or STUFFIS • Partnership(s) with other institution(s) will be absolutely necessary • Partner interests will strongly affect choice of project

  20. Partnership Models • OSIRIS, FLAMINGOS: University builds instrument & turns it over to NOAO • DECam: Partner consortium designs & builds instrument, NOAO contributes some tech support and telescope improvements • HRNIRS: NOAO and UF shared labor and capital ~equally • NEWFIRM: NOAO provides most of the resources, U Md contributes minority shares

  21. What We Need From YOU • Feedback on these instrument concepts • Scientific impact • Utility to community • Suggestions of other concepts • Help lining up partners with resources!

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