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CHAPTER 24

CHAPTER 24. ENDOCRINE. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM. PITUITARY THYROID PARATHYROID ENDOCRINE PANCREAS ADRENALS PINEAL. PITUITARY. NORMAL PATHOLOGY. PATHOLOGY. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS ADENOMAS/HYPER-Pituitarism HYPO-Pituitarism POSTERIOR PITUITARY SYNDROMES HYPOTHALAMIC SUPRASELLAR TUMORS.

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CHAPTER 24

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  1. CHAPTER 24 ENDOCRINE

  2. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM • PITUITARY • THYROID • PARATHYROID • ENDOCRINE PANCREAS • ADRENALS • PINEAL

  3. PITUITARY • NORMAL • PATHOLOGY

  4. PATHOLOGY • CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS • ADENOMAS/HYPER-Pituitarism • HYPO-Pituitarism • POSTERIOR PITUITARY SYNDROMES • HYPOTHALAMIC SUPRASELLAR TUMORS

  5. CLINICALMANIFESTATIONS

  6. ADENOMAS/HYPER--- • PROLACTIN • GROWTH HORMONE (SOMATOTROPHIN) • CORTICOTROPHIN • OTHERS

  7. HYPO---

  8. POSTERIORPITUITARY

  9. HYPOTHALAMIC/SUPRASELLAR TUMORS

  10. THYROID • NORMAL • PATHOLOGY

  11. PATHOLOGY • HYPER-THYROIDISM • HYPO-THYROIDISM • THYROIDITIS • GRAVES DISEASE • GOITERS • NEOPLASMS • CONGENITAL

  12. HYPERTHYROIDISM • Clinical Features

  13. HYPOTHYROIDISM • CRETINISM • MYXEDEMA

  14. THYROIDITIS • HASHIMOTO • SUBACUTE (GRANULOMATOUS) • SUBACUTE (LYMPHOCYTIC)

  15. GRAVES DISEASE

  16. GOITERS • DIFFUSE NONTOXIC • MULTINODULAR

  17. TUMORS • ADENOMAS • OTHER BENIGN • CARCINOMAS

  18. ADENOMAS

  19. OTHER BENIGN

  20. CARCINOMAS • PATHOGENESIS • GENETICS • ENVIRONMENT • CLASSIFICATION

  21. CARCINOMAS/CLASSIFICATION • FOLLICULAR • PAPILLARY • MEDULLARY • ANAPLASTIC

  22. FOLLICULAR

  23. PAPILLARY

  24. MEDULLARY

  25. ANAPLASTIC

  26. PARATHYROID • NORMAL • PATHOLOGY

  27. PATHOLOGY • HYPER-PARATHYROIDISM • HYPO-PARATHYROIDISM • “PSEUDO”-HYPOPARATHYROIDISM

  28. HYPERPARATHYROIDISM • PRIMARY • SECONDARY

  29. HYPOPARATHYROIDISM

  30. PSEUDO- HYPOPARATHYROIDISM

  31. ENDOCRINEPANCREAS • NORMAL • PATHOLOGY

  32. PATHOLOGY • DIABETES • TUMORS

  33. DIAGNOSIS CLASSIFICATION INSULIN PHYSIOLOGY TYPE-1 TYPE-2 MONOGENIC DIABETES COMPLICATIONS MORPHOLOGY CLINICAL FEATURES DIABETESMELLITUS

  34. DIAGNOSIS

  35. CLASSIFICATION

  36. INSULIN

  37. TYPE-1 • Beta Cell Destruction • Genetics • MHC Locus • NON-MHC Genes • ENVIRONMENTAL

  38. TYPE-2 • INSULIN RESISTANCE • Genetics • Obesity • Beta Cell Dysfunction

  39. MONOGENIC FORMS • Maturity Onset Diabetes (of the Young) • Mitochondrial • Insulin Gene/Receptor Mutations

  40. COMPLICATIONS • Glycation End Products • Protein Kinase C Activation • Intracellular Hyperglycemia with Polyol Disturbances

  41. MORPHOLOGY • PANCREAS • MACRO-VASCULAR • MICRO-ANGIOPATHY • NEPHROPATHY • OCULAR • NEUROPATHY

  42. PANCREAS

  43. MACRO-VASCULAR

  44. MICRO-VASCULAR

  45. NEPHROPATHY

  46. OCULAR

  47. NEUROPATHY

  48. CLINICAL

  49. TUMORS • HYPERINSULINISM (HYPERINSULINOMA) • ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME (GASTRINOMAS) • RARE

  50. ADRENALS • CORTEX • NORMAL • PATHOLOGY • MEDULLA • NORMAL • PATHOLOGY

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