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Understanding Rocks: The Rock Cycle and Types of Rocks

In Chapter 4 of "Rocks and Minerals" by Sarah and Chris, we explore the fundamental aspects of rocks, their formation, and types. Rocks are solid mixtures of minerals and can change form through the rock cycle, which involves processes like melting and cooling. The chapter covers the three main rock types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. It explains the differences between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks, and the characteristics of sedimentary rocks, including stratification. Metamorphic rocks are also detailed, highlighting foliated and nonfoliated textures.

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Understanding Rocks: The Rock Cycle and Types of Rocks

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  1. Rocks and Minerals By: Sarah and Chris Chapter 4

  2. Rock is simply a solid mixture of crystals of one of more minerals. Rock Cycle- is the process which one rock type changes into another. Magma-is the hot liquid that forms when rock partially or completely melts and it is how igneous rock forms.

  3. Types of Rocks: Sedimentary rock Igneous rock Metamorphic rock

  4. Composition -is where a rock depends on the minerals it contains. Texture- a rock is determined by the sizes, shapes, and positions of the grains of which it is made.

  5. How is igneous rock is formed:

  6. Intrusive is where magma cools beneath the Earth’s surface. Igneous rock that forms on the Earth’s surface is called extrusive

  7. Strata- most noticeable feature of sedimentary rock is its layers. Stratification-is the most charactistic feature of sedimentary rock

  8. Metamorphic Rock • Rock that undergo metamorphism by heat or pressure acting alone or by combination of the two. It changes the one substance with two different substances of rock.

  9. Foliated and Nonfoliated • Metamorphic rock consists of minerals that are aligned and look almost like pages in a book is foliated • Metamorphic rock does not appear to have any regular pattern is Nonfoliated Nonfoliated rock Foliated Rock

  10. Summary • Rock is the main substance on earth.

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