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Catalyst

Learn about the subunits of proteins, the organelle responsible for protein synthesis, and the types of bonds that hold amino acids together. Explore pre-lab questions, steps in protein synthesis, and the primary structure of proteins.

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Catalyst

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  1. Catalyst • What are the subunits of proteins? • What organelle makes proteins? • What type of bonds hold amino acids together in proteins?

  2. Read + pre-lab questions

  3. Pre-lab questions

  4. PRIMARY SECONDARY TERTIARY v QUATERNARY

  5. protein

  6. Think, Pair, Share Genes that are made of DNA are the instructions for making proteins. DNA is found in the nucleus. BUT! Proteins are made by ribosomes in the cytoplasm. How do you think the message gets from the nucleus to the cytoplasm!?

  7. 2 steps in protein synthesis Make an mRNA strand with the DNA message Nucleus

  8. SINGLE DOUBLE RIBOSE A, U, G, C A, T, G, C

  9. U A G G C U C A A

  10. 10 min.

  11. 2 steps in protein synthesis Ribosome reads the mRNA and makes a protein Cytoplasm - ribosome

  12. Translation animation!

  13. Translation Animation (again!)

  14. Codons Remember: codons = 3 bases Example: AGU= GCC=

  15. Codon Practice5 min. with partner U4-13 1. Name the amino acids that are coded by the following codons: a. AAA e. CAC b. UAC f. UGA c. GGG g. AGC d. GGA h. CCC 2. Write the amino acid sequence to make up the protein: GCA - GGU - CCA - AUG – UGC 3. Write the amino acid sequence to make up the protein: GCA - GGU - CCG - AUA - UGC

  16. 1 1 neutral See for yourself! Original DNA: G G G = ______ Mutated DNA: G G A = ______

  17. What is this stop codon?!

  18. What is this start/initiator codon?! Always AUG

  19. 10 min

  20. Shout outs must be written in the first 5 minutes…submit them!! Catalyst This is the primary structure of a protein. • What do the yellow circles represent? • What do the blue lines represent? • Draw an example of a folded protein. • This molecule is made inside a cell. Which organelle “synthesizes” it?

  21. protein

  22. Think, Pair, Share Genes that are made of DNA are the instructions for making proteins. DNA is found in the nucleus. BUT! Proteins are made by ribosomes in the cytoplasm. How do you think the message gets from the nucleus to the cytoplasm!?

  23. 2 steps in protein synthesis Make an mRNA strand with the DNA message Nucleus

  24. SINGLE DOUBLE RIBOSE A, U, G, C A, T, G, C

  25. U A G G C U C A A

  26. 10 min.

  27. mRNA codon codon codon

  28. 2 steps in protein synthesis Ribosome reads the mRNA and makes a protein Cytoplasm - ribosome

  29. Translation animation!

  30. Translation Animation (again!)

  31. Codons Remember: codons = 3 bases Example: AGU= GCC=

  32. Codon Practice5 min. with partner U5-5 1. Name the amino acids that are coded by the following codons: a. AAA e. CAC b. UAC f. UGA c. GGG g. AGC d. GGA h. CCC 2. Write the amino acid sequence to make up the protein: GCA - GGU - CCA - AUG – UGC 3. Write the amino acid sequence to make up the protein: GCA - GGU - CCG - AUA - UGC

  33. 1 1 neutral See for yourself! Original mRNA: G G G = ______ Mutated mRNA: G G A = ______

  34. What is this stop codon?!

  35. What is this start/initiator codon?! Always AUG

  36. 10 min

  37. Exit ticketIN YOUR OWN WORDS explain how protein synthesis occurs in a cell.Underline the following words in your response: • Nucleus • Ribosome • DNA/gene • Amino acid • mRNA • tRNA • Polypeptide/protein • Transcription • Translation • Codon • Anticodon

  38. Catalyst This is the gene (DNA) that makes hemoglobin, a protein in your blood. A T G T A C C G A A A T • Transcribe the gene into mRNA: • Translate the mRNA into protein:

  39. U5-8

  40. U5-9

  41. DNA sequence negative Insertion deletion substitution Pg U5-10

  42. Tay-Sach’s Disease

  43. deleted inserted AAA CCT TTG GG AAA CCC ATT TGG G ACA CCC TTT GGG

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