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The Causes and Consequences of the Spanish-American War: A Turning Point in American History

This chapter explores the factors leading to the Spanish-American War, including the Cuban and Philippine rebellions against Spanish rule in the 1890s. The role of sensationalist journalism, epitomized by figures like Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst, heightened American public sentiment for war. Following the sinking of the USS Maine and Spain's perceived insults, President McKinley declared war. The aftermath saw the U.S. acquire territories including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines, marking a significant shift in American imperial ambitions amid domestic opposition from the Anti-Imperialist League.

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The Causes and Consequences of the Spanish-American War: A Turning Point in American History

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  1. Chapter 25, Section 2 • Objective: Describe the reasons for and the effects of the Spanish-American War. • I. Rebellion against Spain • A. 1890’s Cuba and the Philippines revolted against Spanish rule

  2. Valeriano Weyler • B. General Valeriano Weyler was sent to put down the revolt in Cuba - his methods were very harsh.

  3. C. Role of American newspapers • 1. Newspapers were battling for readers. • 2. Sensational stories about Cuban Rebellion - “Yellow Journalism” • (Pulitzer is to the left)

  4. Newspaper battles • 3. Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst

  5. II. America Goes to War • A. President McKinley did not want to go to war - he was in the Civil War • B. On Feb. 9, 1898, Hearst’s newspaper published a letter in which a Spanish official called McKinley “weak”

  6. U.S. goes to war (cont.) • C. U.S. battleship Maine blew up in Havana Harbor and 260 Americans were killed- Spain was blamed • D. War was declared on April 20, 1898

  7. U.S.S. Maine (before and after)

  8. III. Pacific War • A. U.S. fleet was commanded by George Dewey

  9. Pacific War (cont.) • B. May 1, 1898 - U.S. destroyed Spanish fleet in Manila - total U.S. victory

  10. Battle of Manila Bay

  11. IV. War in the Caribbean • A. July 1, 1898 - Theodore Roosevelt and his “Rough Riders” take San Juan Hill near Santiago, Cuba. African-American troops also played key role

  12. B. On Aug. 12, 1898, a truce was signed

  13. V. Results of the War • A. U.S. took Puerto Rico, Cuba, Guam, and the Philippines • B. Cuba agreed to the Platt Amendment - it allowed the U.S. to interfere in Cuba

  14. Results of War (cont.) • C. Puerto Rico and Guam became U.S. territories • D. Philippines became a colony - U.S. fought uprising until 1902

  15. VI. Anti-Imperialist League - Some people, including Mark Twain and other famous people, were against taking new lands, but they were in a minority Note: All pictures were taken from www.spanam.simplenet.com

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