1. Chapter 25, Section 2 FDR and the New Deal1932 New York Democrats chose Franklin Delanor Roosevelt to run for President.

2. A Powerful Partnership • Roosevelt • Came from a wealthy, well connected family • Married his cousin Eleanor Roosevelt • Served as Assistant Secretary of the navy • 1921 struck with polio, leaving his legs paralyzed • Taught him patience and courage • Able to walk with heavy leg braces and crutches

3. Pledging a New Deal • FDR charmingly promised to help the jobless, poor farmers and the elderly. • Defeated Hoover by a landslide

4. Call to action • American welcomed any change, since Hoover’s approach had failed

5. Expert Advisers • Turned to a number of college professors who were experts on economic issues, nicknamed the Brain Trust

6. The Hundred Days • Urged his staff to take a method and try it, if it fails admit it and try another

7. Restoring faith in Banks • Many banks had closed • Depositors had withdrawn savings • People hid their money under the mattress or buried it in the backyard

8. Restoring faith in Banks • 2nd day in office FDR declared a “bank holiday” closing every bank in the country for eight days

9. Restoring faith in Banks • Asked Congress to pass the Emergency Banking Relief Act: • Emergency Banking Relief Act: only banks with enough money to meet depositors demand could reopen. Others had to stay closed • FDR spoke to Americans by radio explain it was safer to keep money in a reopened bank then under their mattress.

10. Fireside Chats • FDR gave 30 radio speeches while in office • He spoke from a chair near a fireplace in the White House • Families gathered around their radios to listen • Felt FDR understood them

11. A flood of legislation • Hundred Days: Between March 9 and June 1933 Congress passed 15 major new laws

12. A flood of legislation • New Deal: FDR’s plan for economic recovery • 3 main goals • Relief for the unemployed • Plans for recovery • Reforms to prevent another depression

13. Relief for the Unemployed • 13 million Americans were out of work

14. Relief for the Unemployed • CCC: Civilian Conservation Corps • Hired unemployed single men between 18 and 25 • Payed$1 per day • Planted trees, built bridges, flood control projects, developed new parks • Conserved natural resources and gave jobs to young people

15. Relief for the Unemployed • FERA: Federal Emergency Relief Administration • Gave federal money to state and local agencies to distribute to the unemployed

16. Relief for the Unemployed • WPA: Works Progress Administration • Put jobless to work building hospitals, schools, parks, playgrounds, and airports • Hired artists, actors, writers, and composers • Painted murals on public buildings, wrote about American life

17. Programs to Promote Recovery • Called for programs that greatly increased the government role in the economy

18. Programs to Promote Recovery • Codes for industry • Drew up plans to control production, stabilize prices, and keep workers on the job • NIRA: National Industrial Recovery Act • Each industry must write codes for production, wages, prices, and working conditions • NRA: National Recovery Administration • To enforce NIRA codes

19. Programs to Promote Recovery • PWA: Public Works Administration • Set up by the NIRA • Promoted recovery by hiring workers for thousands of projects

20. Programs to Promote Recovery • Programs for farmers • Overproduction remained the main problem • Surplus kept prices and farmers incomes low

21. Programs to Promote Recovery • AAA: Agricultural Adjustment Act • Government paid farmers not to grow certain crops and to plow surplus under the soil and dispose of surplus to cows and pigs • Americans were outraged

22. Programs to Promote Recovery • Electricity for rural Americans • REA: Rural Electrification Act • Loaned money to extend electric lines to rural areas

23. Reforms for the Long Term • Prevent another depression • 1. Laws regulating the stock market • 2. Reforming the banking system

24. Reforms for the Long Term • FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Company • Insured saving accounts in the banks approved by the government • If an FDIC bank failed the government would make sure depositors received their money

25. A Bold Experiment • Tennessee Valley Authority: TVA • Remake the Tennessee River Valley • 40 damns in 7 states to control flooding • Damns also produced electric power • Planted forests to conserve soil • Developed fertilizers • Set up schools and health centers