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Academic Voice

Academic Voice . Follow these Basic Rules. Or risk making your professors feel like this:. Rule #1. In Academic Voice, Apostrophes should ONLY be used to Show Possession/Ownership. In Academic Voice,

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Academic Voice

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  1. Academic Voice

  2. Follow these BasicRules Or risk making your professors feel like this:

  3. Rule #1

  4. In Academic Voice, Apostrophes should ONLY be used to Show Possession/Ownership

  5. In Academic Voice, Apostrophes should not be used to indicate missing letters or numbers.

  6. When we speak or write informally we use contractions but...

  7. They are not allowed in Academic Writing can not=can’t would not=won’t should not=shouldn’t do not= don’t should have= should’ve Etc.

  8. Only Use Apostrophes to indicatePossession or Ownership • To make a word plural add -s or -es.Jane Smith and John Smith=The Smiths book=books boss=bosses • Use an ‘s to show ownership.John’s book The teacher’s chair • To make a word both plural and possessive, make it plural first and then add the -‘s. The Smiths’ car

  9. Something You Might Not Know If the word already ends in an –s, add an ‘s if the new form of the word is pronounced with an extra syllable. Kim Davis=Kim Davis’s carOnly add an apostrophe without the -s if the new word does not take on an extra syllable when pronounced. Jenny Burns=Jenny Burns’ car

  10. NEVER use apostrophes to make words plural.

  11. Rule #2Do NOT use 1st or 2nd person.

  12. Do NOT Use 1stperson: Any Form of II, me, my, mine, we or us* 2ndperson: Any Form of Youyou, your, you’re, yours *The plural form of 1st person MAY be used sparingly, if talking about society as a whole. In the United States, we believe that everyone has a right to education.

  13. Rule #3Do NOT use Now in Day or Nowadays.

  14. Now in day, many women are waiting until after college to get married. Doesn’t make sense! Nowadays, many women are waiting until after college to get married. Informal! In modern society, many women are waiting until after college to get married. InformalCorrect!

  15. Rule #4 Do NOT use Questions or Exclamation points.

  16. Do NOT Use Questions Exclamations

  17. Rule #5Do NOT Start a Sentence with What, How, Why, Where, Who,or Which.

  18. Starting a sentence with an interrogative AUTOMATICALLY makes the sentence a question. What happened? How did it happen? Why did it happen? Where did it happen? Who did it?Which of the events happened?

  19. Rule #6Do NOT Place What or How in the middle of a sentence.

  20. These Sentences are Vague The school is communicating what the parents need to know. The school is contemplating how the new system will benefit the students. In both cases, the use of interrogatives in place of nouns leads to a lack of specificity in the writing.

  21. These Sentences are Clear & Specific The school is communicating the information that the parents need to know. The school is contemplating the ways in which the new system will benefit the students.

  22. Rule #7Do NOT use Passive Voice.

  23. Always write in Active Voice, Not in Passive Voice In Active Voice: the subject comes before the main verbIn Passive Voice: the subject gets pushed behind the main verb

  24. Active Voice Passive Voice The Chicken lays the egg. The egg was laid by the chicken. Subject Verb Object Object Verb Subject

  25. Active Voice vs. Passive Voice In the 1st picture, the subject (the chicken) was actively carrying out the action of the verb. In the 2nd picture, the object (the egg) came before the verb and surprised the chicken (as if she had nothing to do with it!)

  26. Use Active Voice for academic writing. The subject-verb-objectorder is clear and forceful. Do NOT use Passive Voice because it can be confusingor seem wishy-washy.

  27. Rule #8 Do NOT use any form of Meta-Composition

  28. Meta-Composition: • A form of writing that calls attention to the essay-writing itself Examples: In Conclusion The first (second, third etc.) example is… Firstly Point Being Having said that

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