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FIGHTING WORLD WAR II

FIGHTING WORLD WAR II. PEARL HARBOR. Japan began their plan for attack in September 1941 while they continued talks with the U.S. By November the U.S. knew that Japan would attack but they did not know where.

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FIGHTING WORLD WAR II

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  1. FIGHTING WORLD WAR II

  2. PEARL HARBOR Japan began their plan for attack in September 1941 while they continued talks with the U.S.

  3. By November the U.S. knew that Japan would attack but they did not know where.

  4. On December 7th 1941 Japanese bombers attacked Pearl Harbor and killed 2400 Americans. They also destroyed 8 battleships, 3 cruisers, 3 destroyers and 200 planes.

  5. The Japanese also failed to destroy our repair facilities and oil reserves. Their goal was to demoralize the U.S. and get us to sue for peace.

  6. Instead of being demoralized, the attack united Americans and America prepared for war!

  7. The U.S. planes had been bunched together to prevent sabotage which led to the large number of aircraft being destroyed. But the carriers were out to sea.

  8. WAR IN EUROPE

  9. When Roosevelt made the lend-lease agreements it was decided that defeating Germany would be the number one concern. The question was strategy England had been standing alone and was heavily bombed in the Battle of Britain.

  10. Stalin was demanding that a second front be opened up in France, but Roosevelt and Churchill did not feel the Allies were ready. Roosevelt promised Stalin that the Allies would attack France by the end of 1942.

  11. Churchill delayed the attack on France for 2 years which caused distrust between the Soviets and the west.

  12. The first six months of 1942 went badly for the Allies as the Germans pushed deep into Russia and reached the outskirts of Moscow and Leningrad.

  13. Germany also started an offensive in North Africa to take the Suez Canal while German subs were harassing U.S. supply ships.

  14. The turning point came in the winter of 1942-1943 when the Soviets stopped the German advance in the battle of Stalingrad.

  15. Germany had taken most of the city when the Soviets counter attacked killing 330,000 Germans and started a push to move the Germans back.

  16. By mid 1944 the Soviets had driven the Germans out of Russia. MEANWHILE

  17. Roosevelt and Churchill met in Casablanca in January 1943 where they decided to demand an unconditional surrender from Germany.

  18. They also decided to attack North Africa instead of France and they put the Allies under the command of General Eisenhower.

  19. In North Africa the U.S. forces were commanded by General Patton & the British were commanded by General Montgomery in Operation Torch.

  20. By May 1943 they had defeated the Germans who were commanded by the “Desert Fox”, Erwin Rommel. NEXT...

  21. OPERATION HUSKY Churchill wanted to attack Italy which he called the soft underbelly. The Allies began their drive in Sicily.

  22. In July 1943 the Mussolini Government fell. That Fall the allies invaded Italy to drive the Germans back.

  23. Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin met in Tehran where Stalin demanded an invasion of France within 6 months. In return he promised to enter the war against Japan after Hitler was defeated. They also issued the Tehran declaration…

  24. An invitation to all nations to join the big three in a world family of democratic nations. Roosevelt also agreed to one more demand by Stalin…

  25. Part of Poland would be placed within Russia’s border. They could not agree on what to do with the rest of eastern Europe.

  26. THE ALLIES BEGAN PREPARATION FOR THE INVASION OF FRANCE

  27. The invasion was called D-day and was launched on June 6, 1944. The largest armada ever assembled crossed the English Channel.

  28. They landed on beaches with code names like Omaha, Juno, Gold, & Sword and the plan was called Operation Overlord.

  29. Step one was to drop paratroopers behind enemy lines to cut communications, hold bridges and disrupt the enemy. 1.5 million soldiers then crossed the channel to establish a beach head and begin the push inland.

  30. By August, Paris had been liberated and by September the Germans had been forced out of France and Belgium.

  31. Bombing raids were destroying much of the German industry and by the end of 1944 it looked hopeless for the Germans. To the surprise of many, Germany launched a major counter attack in December 1944 called…

  32. THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE

  33. The Germans made a push back into Belgium and cut the Allies in half. At first the attack was successful, but they ran out of gas.

  34. The Allies then began a final push and by the spring of 1945 the Allies were in Germany. ON APRIL 30th, HITLER COMMITTED SUICIDE

  35. GERMANY SURRENDERED ON MAY 8, 1945 VE DAY!

  36. BUT, WHAT ABOUT THE WAR WITH JAPAN?

  37. THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC

  38. 5 months after Pearl Harbor the Japanese had captured Hong Kong, Dutch East Indies, Guam, Wake Island and 2 islands in the Aleutians.

  39. In the Philippines the Americans fought the Japanese under the command of General Douglas MacArthur but it was 36,000 against 200,000.

  40. The Americans retreated to the Bataan Peninsula where MacArthur was taken to Australia and said “I shall return.”

  41. The Americans and Filipinos were defeated and about 70,000 were taken on a 60 mile march to the prison camp. It was called the Bataan death march because as many as 10,000 died on the way.

  42. In the spring of 1942, Japan was ready to attack Australia and India… The Pacific Coast of the U.S. was also in danger.

  43. James Doolittle led a successful air raid on Tokyo in April 1942. It did little damage, but was a moral victory for the U.S. We could attack Japan!

  44. In May 1942, the U.S. carriers caught the Japanese on their way to Australia and fought the battle of the Coral Sea.

  45. All the fighting was done by aircraft and neither side really won, but it did stop the Japanese progress. The turning point came in June 1942 in the battle of Midway.

  46. We knew Japan’s plan from a decoded message. The battle was also fought by aircraft and was a huge victory for the U.S. Japan lost 4 carriers and 253 planes.

  47. Japan had been on their way to Hawaii and this victory forced them to retreat and fight a defensive war from this point on.

  48. The problem in defeating Japan was that they were protected by 3000 mi. of ocean and controlled hundreds of fortified islands.

  49. The question was how could we get close enough to stage an invasion? Answer… Island Hopping

  50. The plan was to attack the weaker islands and skip the stronger ones. That way we could have staging areas and cut off Japan’s supply line.

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