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Communist China under Mao

Communist China under Mao. “We must have faith in the masses and we must have faith in the Party. These are two cardinal principles. If we doubt these principles, we shall accomplish nothing.” Mao Zedong.

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Communist China under Mao

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  1. Communist China under Mao

  2. “We must have faith in the masses and we must have faith in the Party. These are two cardinal principles. If we doubt these principles, we shall accomplish nothing.” • Mao Zedong

  3. “Protect the interests of the youth, women and children - provide assistance to young students who cannot afford to continue their studies, help the youth and women to organize in order to participate on an equal footing in all work useful to the war effort and to social progress, ensure freedom of marriage and equality as between men and women, and give young people and children a useful education....” • Mao Zedong

  4. Questions • What does this mean? • What does this say about the Chinese government under Mao?

  5. Mao • Wanted to help China by… • Helping poor farmers • Create economic equality • Set up a dictatorship to force changes • Totalitarian = government w/ total control • In other words, he was a hardlinecommunist

  6. Great Leap Forward • 1950s • Wanted China to take a great leap forward by using peasants to industrialize • Created communes of collective farming • Farmers forced to meet quotas & turn harvest over to government • Huge failure – resulting in famine • Peasants too uneducated to industrialize

  7. Cultural Revolution • 1960s • Effort to keep communist energy & revolutionary spirit going • Create youth groups called Red Guard • Wrote book called: Little Red Book • Tried to end old ideas & capitalism • Huge failure: Attacked educated professionals

  8. Cultural Revolution docs • Everyone read Origins of Cultural Rev. • Second reading, read 1 of: • Cult of Mao • Destroy Four Olds • Rustication of Youths • In groups of 3, discuss specifics of program

  9. Communist China under Deng Xiaoping

  10. Deng • Led China in 1980s • Wanted to help China develop with more economic freedoms • Industrializing & focusing on manufacturing • Wanted to allow for profits (motivation) • Kept tight Communist control of government • No democratic reforms • 1-Child Policy to reduce population • In other words, he was a dictator who wanted to keep Communists in power without using communist ideas.

  11. Four Modernizations • Special Economic Zones • Cities allowed to trade • Responsibility System • Farmers given reduced quotas so extra harvest could be sold for profit

  12. Tiananmen Square Massacre • 1989 • Students protest for democracy • Government massacres 2000 protestors

  13. Closure • What is the difference between Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping? What the similarity between Mao and Deng?

  14. China Today

  15. China Today • 2nd largest economy • …but divided among almost 2 billion people • Average Chinese person makes $10,000 • Average American makes $45,000 • Industrialized • Economy based on manufacturing small, cheap goods • …but lots of pollution

  16. How has Chinese family life changed? • Tried to weaken influence of family • Women gained legal equality • Allowed choice in marriage • Ended footbinding • Work & school opportunities

  17. What is China doing to limit population growth? • Population doubled under Mao • One Child Policy • Limits all couples to 1 child • Fines families with more than 1

  18. Why is China criticized for its views on human rights? • Does not allow any democracy • Harshly punishes those who criticize government • Tiananmen Square

  19. How has China’s relationship with Hong Kong changed since 1997? • Britain returned control of its colony won in the Opium War to China

  20. What is China’s relationship with Taiwan? • Tense • Nationalists fled to Taiwan after losing civil war • Government in exile • Waiting for Communist government to fall

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