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Communist China

Communist China. Communist Revolution. By the end of World War II, Chinese communists had gained control of much of Northern China. Communist forces led by Mao Zedong vs. Nationalist forces led by Jiang Jieshi . 1949- Communism gained control of China. Vs. Why communism won in China:

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Communist China

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  1. Communist China

  2. Communist Revolution • By the end of World War II, Chinese communists had gained control of much of Northern China. • Communist forces led by Mao Zedong vs. Nationalist forces led by Jiang Jieshi. • 1949- Communism gained control of China. Vs.

  3. Why communism won in China: • Mao appealed to China’s huge peasant population. • Communist gave land to poor peasants and ended oppression by the landlords. • Nationalists lost popularity • Captured rail lines and surrounded Nationalist cities.

  4. Mao Zedong • Mao became one of the first members of the new Chinese Communist Party in 1921. • October 1949, Mao announced the formation of the People’s Republic of China. He declared himself as emperor.

  5. Life in Communist China • The communist government discouraged the practice of Buddhism, Confucianism and other traditional Chinese beliefs. • "sweeping away the dust of all the old ideas, culture, customs and habits of the exploiting classes." • Government seized property. • Opponents of the communists were put down as “counterrevolutionaries.”

  6. Life in Communist China • Many counterrevolutionaries were beaten, sent to labor camps or killed. • Distributed land to peasant class. • Built dams and factories. • Imposed collectivization. • Communist party seized control of all media and used it to promote Mao, his political strategy and his party.

  7. Great Leap Forward • 1958-1960 • Urged people to make a superhuman effort to increase farm and industrial output. • Communes: Brought together several villages, thousands of acres of land, and up to 25,000 people in order to make agriculture more efficient. • Intention was that by 1988 China would have an economy that would rival America.

  8. Great Leap Forward • Failure: • Backyard industries turned out low-quality, useless goods. • Quickly produced machinery fell to pieces when used. • Bad weather added to the problem and led to a terrible famine. • 1959-1961- 55 million Chinese starved to death.

  9. Cultural Revolution • Launched in 1966. • Goal was to purge China of “bourgeois” tendencies. • Youth was urged to experience revolution firsthand. • Red Guards- • Formed by teenagers. • Attacked those they considered bourgeois. • The accused were publicly humiliated or beaten and sometimes killed.

  10. Enthusiasm of the Red Guards slowed the economy and threatened civil war. • Schools and colleges were closed due to chaos. • Mao had the army restore order.

  11. Deng Xiaoping • Continues communism in China. • Wanted to reform and improve the economy of China. • Improvement Program: “The Four Modernizations” • Agriculture • Industry • Science • Defense

  12. Deng Xiaoping • Communes were disabled. • Government still took a share of crops. However, Farmers under Deng could sell any surplus produce and keep the profits. • Chinese Entrepreneurs could set up businesses. • Move toward capitalism. • Deng welcomed foreign capital and technology. • These economic reforms brought a surge of growth.

  13. Communist Crack Down • May 1989- Tiananmen Square • Demonstrators occupied a huge public plaza at the center of China’s capital, Beijing. • They raised banners calling for democracy. • After several days, government sent troops and tanks. • Thousands were killed or wounded in what became known as the Tiananmen Square Massacre.

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