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Communist China

Communist China. China’s Last Emperor. 1912 – Puyi , the last Emperor of China , stepped down from his thrown. This brought an end to the Qing Dynasty . Civil War in China. 2 Sides 1 - The Nationalists , led by Chiang Kai-shek. 2 – The Communists , led by Mao Zedong.

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Communist China

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  1. Communist China

  2. China’s Last Emperor • 1912 – Puyi, the lastEmperor of China, stepped down from his thrown. • This brought an end to the QingDynasty.

  3. Civil War in China • 2 Sides • 1 - The Nationalists, led by Chiang Kai-shek. • 2 – The Communists, led by Mao Zedong.

  4. World War II • During WWII, both sides worked together to defeatJapan. • Chinalost over 20-30millionpeople during the war. • Images of the Japanese army in China.

  5. Mao and the PLA • 1945 – after the end of WWII, millions of peasantsjoinedMao’s People’sLiberationArmy. • 1949 – Mao’sPLAdefeated the Nationalists. Mao in front of his People’s Liberation Army.

  6. Taiwan Chiang Ka-sheik and 2million followers fled to island of Taiwan. Now called ROC – or the Republic of China.

  7. The Great Leap Forward • 1958 – Mao’s goal was to catchup with the USA in terms of Industrial might. • His goal – turn China from an agrarian power to an industrial power. “Hard work for a few years, happiness for a thousand.” – Government slogan.

  8. The Great Leap Forward “Take steel as the principle. Leap forward in all fields.” Or “Steel is essential, fully leap forward.”

  9. Collectivization • 1955 – Land was taken from wealthylandowners, and given to peasants. • 2/3rds of all peasants received land. Who would support Mao? Landowners or Peasants?

  10. Collectivization • He created collective farms with 30,000 people who were to live and work together. • It was a huge failure.

  11. The Great Leap Forward • The Great Leap Forward was a disaster and a failure! • 15million people died from starvation. • Natural disasters and policy decisions made by Mao were to blame.

  12. China’s Great Famine • 1958 –62 – During the Great Famine, 15 – 45 million people died of starvation. • Brought on by the Great Leap Forward and natural disasters.

  13. China’s Great Famine • “He knew how to organize a revolution but he did not know how to run a country.” –Comment from one of Mao’s advisors about Mao.

  14. 4 years later… Mao is Back • Mao’s new ideas were published in the Little Red Book. • He called for a new “Great Proletarian CulturalRevolution.”

  15. Mao’s Little Red Book • One of the largest number of books printed in history.

  16. Mao’s Cultural Revolution • Mao’s Revolutionary Guards or Red Guards • brought on death and destruction. • 30 – 40 Million people were arrested, harassed and killed.

  17. Mao’s Cultural Revolution • The RedGuards were to eliminate the “4Olds.” • Old Ideas • Old Culture • Old Customs • Old Habits

  18. Mao’s Cultural Revolution • Torture, rape, imprisonment, harassment and seizure of property was common.

  19. Mao’s Cultural Revolution • Targeted for attack: • Intellectuals - Professors, teachers, doctors, artists, people who had traveled or studied in the USA. “Pro-Western.”

  20. The Red Guard • In 1968, the Red Guard was disbanded. • The PLA carried out mass executions of Red Guard members. • This brought an end to the Cultural Revolution.

  21. Deng Xiaoping • Sept. 1976 – Maodied at the age of 82. • After Mao, China was 20 years behind the rest of the world. • Deng Xiaoping seized power and ended the Cultural Revolution.

  22. Deng Xiaoping • Deng instituted the 4 Modernizations - Industry, Agriculture, Technology and National Defense. • Foreign investors were invited in China and students were sent to studyabroad.

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