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Understanding the Industrial Revolution: Causes and Impacts

This content delves into the profound changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution, highlighting the technological advancements and agricultural improvements that laid the groundwork for industrialization. Key concepts include the transition from homemade tools to mechanized farming, the enclosure movement's effects on rural livelihoods, and the resultant population growth driven by declining death rates and better living conditions. It also examines the importance of coal and innovative technologies in fuel production, shaping modern society.

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Understanding the Industrial Revolution: Causes and Impacts

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Warm Up • What is a revolution • Can you name one or two that you studied last year in social studies? • Why do you think there was an Industrial Revolution?

  2. Let’s Pre-Assess • Industrial Revolution

  3. Let’s Think! New inventions contributed to an agricultural revolution during the 1600’s and 1700’s. Today we are looking for new sources of fuel. How might agricultural developments increase farm productivity and efficiency?

  4. A Turning Point • 1750: homemade tools to work the land • Simple cottages lit by fire and candles • Made own clothes, grew own food • Exchanged goods at market • Knew little of the world • Industrial Revolution began in Britain • Rural way of life began to disappear • By 1850, industrial cities had arrived

  5. How did the change occur? • A change in farming (sound familiar?) • Improved methods of farming • Dutch led the way; built dikes to reclaim land • Fertilized soil with animals • British: crop rotation • JethroTull: seed drill

  6. Enclosure Movement • Rich landowners began to enclose land • Larger fields could be cultivated more efficiently • Farm output rose • Required less humans • Loss jobs, small farms went out of business • Migrated to cities • Formed a growing labor force for factories!

  7. The Population Explosion! • Declining death rate • Agricultural revolution reduced famine • Women healthier and had stronger babies • Better hygiene and sanitation • Improved medical care • Populations increased

  8. New Technology • Another factor that triggered industrial revolution was technology • Coal used to power steam engine (James Watt) • Coal was a vital source of fuel in the production of iron • Needed to build machines • Abraham Darby – smelt iron – separate iron from its ore (removing impurities)

  9. Cause/Effect

  10. Map of Europe about 1870 • Turn to page 243

  11. Closure • What was a result of the enclosure movement? • What were 2-3 causes of the industrial revolution?

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