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Ch. 10 Motion

Ch. 10 Motion. I. Measuring Motion. A. Observing Motion 1. Frame of reference is used to observe motion a. Using a stationary object to compare movement 2. Direction is needed to determine motion (N, S, E, W) 3. Distance is needed to determine motion.

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Ch. 10 Motion

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  1. Ch. 10 Motion

  2. I. Measuring Motion A. Observing Motion 1. Frame of reference is used to observe motion a. Using a stationary object to compare movement 2. Direction is needed to determine motion (N, S, E, W) 3. Distance is needed to determine motion

  3. Relative motion (river) http://physci.kennesaw.edu/javamirror/ntnujava/relativeVelocity/relativeVelocity.html Relative motion (ball drop) http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/einsteinlight/jw/module1_Galileo_and_Newton.htm Plane crash on the Hudson http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/28688358/displaymode/1176/rstry/28688215/ Average speed demo http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/mmedia/kinema/trip.html

  4. A DISTANCE B C TIME Speed = Distance/Time (M / S) (MILES / HOUR) 1. Speed can be graphed a. Time = X-axis Distance = Y-axis b. Speed can be determined by the slope of the line 1. Line A Stops 2. Line B Constant Speed 3. Line C Accelerates 2. Average Speed = Total Distance / Total Time 3. Instantaneous Speed = Speed at a given point 4. Velocity = Speed in a given direction a. Combine velocity (ADD) to calculate resultant velocity -walking on a moving bus (BOOK)

  5. II. Acceleration= Change in velocity A. Change in speed 1. Speeding up 2. Slowing down B. Change in direction 1. Turning a forward moving car to the left of the right 2. Circular motion = Constant acceleration (CONST. CHNG OF DIRECTION)

  6. Calculating Acceleration = VF - VI T F= Final I = Initial T = Time • Acceleration can be determined from a velocity/time graph A = Zero Acceleration B = Constant acceleration C = Positive accel. – Negative accel. Positive – Negative A VELOCITY B C TIME

  7. III. Motion and Force A. Balanced and unbalanced forces 1. Balanced force = No change in motion 2. Must have an unbalanced force to change motion B. Force of friction (opposes motion) 1. Static friction = Attraction of molecules of stationary object – Opposes initial movement

  8. 2. Kinetic Friction A. sliding friction = a book sliding on a desk B. rolling friction = a car on a road C. Fluid friction = a car on ice

  9. C. Harmful friction can be reduced 1. Lubricants reduce friction a. Oil on engine parts b. Grease in bearings 2. Zamboni on hockey ice 3. Shape of a bicycle helmet 4. Cyclist clothes - Spandex are tight to fit to reduce drag

  10. D. Helpful friction can be increased 1. Sand on icy roads 2. Cleated shoes – baseball/football 3. Pine-tar = Baseball bats

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