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2005 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Results

2005 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Results. THE BASICS. What and when? . Herbicides in the Spring 28 samples in May Pathogens in the Summer 131 Synoptic samples in July 59 Follow-Up samples in Late July / Early August Chemicals & Nutrients in the Fall 143 samples in September

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2005 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Results

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  1. 2005 Kentucky River Watershed Watch Results THE BASICS

  2. What and when? • Herbicides in the Spring • 28 samples in May • Pathogens in the Summer • 131 Synoptic samples in July • 59 Follow-Up samples in Late July / Early August • Chemicals & Nutrients in the Fall • 143 samples in September • Metals in the Fall • 73 samples in September

  3. Where? • 190 sites throughout Kentucky River Basin 137Central and Lower Kentucky River Basin 24Kentucky Basin between Beattyville and confluence with Red River 2 South Fork Kentucky River Basin 0 Middle Fork Kentucky River Basin 27North Fork Kentucky River Basin

  4. 2005 KRWW Sampling Sites

  5. HERBICIDES

  6. HERBICIDES Why monitored? • Potentially harmful to aquatic life and humans through drinking water Where are they coming from? • Runoff from agricultural and residential application How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? • Apply only as absolutely necessary, follow application instructions. • Maintain vegetation around and along waterbodies. • Use recommended agricultural erosion control practices. • Properly dispose of herbicide containers (collection programs) • Do not dump leftover herbicide on ground, down sink, or down stormwater drains.

  7. 2005 Herbicide Parameters • Sampled for 2 herbicides in spring 2005 • most likely time of year for herbicide application • Triazines • highly persistent in soil • EPA standard of 3.0 micrograms /L for drinking water • 350 micrograms/L for acute aquatic life criteria • 12 micrograms/L for chronic aquatic life criteria • Metolachlor • highly persistent in water • unregulated by EPA

  8. Herbicide Results Triazines highest at: • K345 (Elkhorn Creek) – 1.2 micrograms/liter • K402 (Rolling Fork) – 1.07 micrograms/liter • Still well below chronic aquatic life criteria Metolachlor ONLY found at: • K338 (Otter Creek) – 0.16 micrograms/liter • K402 (Rolling Fork) – 0.16 micrograms/liter

  9. 2005 Herbicide Detections K338 K345 K402

  10. PATHOGENS

  11. FECAL COLIFORM Why monitored? • Can indicate presence of other pathogens that may cause illness or infections in people. Where are they coming from? • Failing septic systems, straightpipes, leaking sewage lines • Inadequately treated discharge from municipal sewage plants • Livestock (runoff from pasture or direct access to waterbody) How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? • Properly maintain septic systems • Increase access to sewer systems • Install fencing to keep livestock out of waterways • Maintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies

  12. Pathogen Parameters Fecal Coliform • Swimming Standard of 400 cfu/100 ml (instantaneous) E. Coli • Swimming Standard of 240 cfu/100 ml (instantaneous) Atypical/Typical Coliform Ratio • Ratio between 0 and 2  raw, human sewage • Ratio between 2 and 4  fresh, human/ag • Ratio between 5 and 10  indirect, ag • Ratio between 10 and 20  indirect, urban • Ratio greater than 20  aged, human/ag

  13. FC Analysis Sample • Pre-determined volumes of sample are filtered through membrane filters.

  14. Fecal Analysis • Membrane filters are placed in petri dishes containing 2 mL of m-FC medium.

  15. Fecal Analysis • Petri dishes are set in incubator for 24 hours at 44.5 C. • Petri dishes are removed and FC colonies counted. • Based on the volume of the sample, the results are converted to the number of colonies per 100 ml.

  16. Synoptic Pathogen Results54/131 (41%) > Swimming Standard 10 Worst Sites: K408 – Kentucky River, Boonesborough Ramp (7,150 cfu) K348 – Goose Creek (5,500 cfu) K283 – Rocky Fork (5,025 cfu) K192 – Black Spring (3,550 cfu) K244 – Viney Fork (2,900 cfu) K055 – Town Branch (2,750 cfu) K331 – Long Branch (2,750 cfu) K029 – Clear Creek (5,025 cfu) K114 – Colly Creek (2,350 cfu) K298 – Spring Creek (1,700 cfu) K329 – Shannon’s Run (1,700 cfu7)

  17. 2005 Top Ten Synoptic Fecal Sites

  18. Follow-Up Pathogen Results22/59 (37%) > Swimming Standard 10 Worst Sites: • K085 – Glenn’s Creek (TNTC) • K184 – Wolf Run (TNTC) • K316 – North Elkhorn (TNTC) • K055 – Town Branch (2,900 cfu) • K339 – Otter Creek (2,825 cfu) • K264 – Unnamed tributary (2,400 cfu) • K342 – Clear Creek (2,400 cfu) • K192 – Black Spring (1,850 cfu) • K300 – Hickman Creek (1,150 cfu) • K215 – Lost Creek (1,100 cfu) *TNTC = too numerous to count

  19. 2005 Top Ten Follow-Up Fecal Sites

  20. Fecal TrendsPercent of Sites Meeting WQS

  21. Leslie County 2004 Sampling 286/410 K40 HYDEN K40U 130/170 K41 29/60 K41U 28/70 K41B 18/40

  22. Leslie County 2005 Sampling 58/240 K40 HYDEN 113/477 K41

  23. 2,390/11,000 1866/32,000 KP14 KP82 North Fork Kentucky River 2004 Sampling Hazard KP81 818/4,900

  24. 488/2,100 597/12,000 KP14 KP82 North Fork Kentucky River 2005 Sampling Hazard KP81 153/610

  25. 3,124/38,000 1,179/5,800 319/940 WHITESBURG 1,282/6,200 853/1,300 2,212/32,000 1,155/4,200 L8 KL3 KP20 L7 BLACKEY L6 KP21 KP18 KL4 KL1 KP19 KP22 FLEMING NEON KL2 L4 795/1,900 L2 L3 2,212/32,000 L1 1,130/90,000 Letcher County 2004 Sampling 1,671/3,500

  26. 1,480/8,400 4,388/17,500 484/2,300 WHITESBURG 235/1,100 831/1,700 869/1,400 185/1,400 L8 KL3 KP20 L7 L6 BLACKEY KP21 KP18 KL4 KL1 KP19 KP22 FLEMING NEON KL2 L4 226/1,200 L2 L3 1,583/3,700 L1 292/520 Letcher County 2005 Sampling 1,192/3,000

  27. 158/750 186/3150 182/TNTC 327/900 K327 K328 K319 206/5800 K321 K318 Ten Mile Creek 2004 Focused Sampling

  28. 73 / 9,240 87 / 560 91 / 3,680 83 / 4,000 K327 K328 K319 42 / 2,090 K321 K318 Ten Mile Creek 2005 Focused Sampling

  29. L4 L4 V3 L4 V3 V3 S10 S10 S10 S8 S8 S8 S9 S9 S9 S7 S7 S5 H1 S5 H1 S5 H1 V2 C3 C2 V2 C3 C2 C3 V2 C2 C1 C1 M1 C1 M1 M1 V1 V1 V1 S1 S1 S1 E. Coli. Cfu/100ml Friends of Wolf Run <100 S2 S2 100-136 S2 September 17 October 1 October 15 136-400 400-2000 >2000

  30. Reaction Items from Wolf Run Public Meeting (11/14/2005) • Request Sanitary Sewers investigate site below Harrodsburg Road. • Request Sanitary Sewers investigate high values at Valley Park. (Vaughn’s Branch) • Present findings to Storm Water Management Subcommittee.

  31. NUTRIENTS

  32. Nutrients Why monitored? • Lead to algal blooms, which consume oxygen as they decompose  bad for aquatic life • Cause taste and odor problems in drinking water Where are they coming from? • agricultural and residential fertilizer application • sewage and manure runoff How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? • Only apply fertilizers as necessary • Properly maintain septic systems • Use recommended erosion control measures • Keep livestock out of waterways, properly manage manure • Maintain vegetated buffers around waterbodies

  33. Nutrient Parameters Nitrogen Nitrate (NO3-N) • Drinking Water Supply standard of 10 mg/L Total Nitrogen • No water quality standard Total Phosphorus • Unofficial KRWW aquatic life standard of 0.5 mg/L Sulfate • Drinking water supply standard of 250 mg/L

  34. Nitrogen Results > 10 mg/L K014 – Clarks Run (14.98 mg/L) K075 – Town Branch (12.36 mg/L) K191 – Otter Creek (10.92 mg/L) K209 – Tates Creek (16.32 mg/L) K338 – Otter Creek (15.28 mg/L) K472 – Vaughn’s Branch (24.4 mg/L)

  35. 2005 High Nitrogen Sites K472 K191 & K338 K075 K014 K209

  36. Phosphorus Results > 0.5 mg/L K209 – Tates Creek (3.02 mg/L) K338 – Otter Creek (2.22 mg/L) K085 – Glenn’s Creek (2.04 mg/L) K191 – Otter Creek (1.86 mg/L) K341 – Elkhorn Creek (1.64 mg/L) K075 – Town Branch (1.58 mg/L) K174 – South Elkhorn (1.32 mg/L) K031 – South Elkhorn (1.24 mg/L) K127 – North Elkhorn (1.22 mg/L) K224 – Spring in Woodford County (1.02 mg/L) K026 – South Elkhorn (0.67 mg/L) K344 – Elkhorn Creek (0.64 mg/L) K349 – Mock’s Branch (0.59 mg/L) K471 – Vaughn’s Branch (0.55 mg/L)

  37. 2005 High Phosphorus Sites

  38. Sulfate Results 23 sites > 250 mg/L K216 – Troublesome Creek (1850 mg/L) K215 – Lost Creek (1600 mg/L) K447 – Big Cowan Creek (1180 mg/L) K441 – Scuddy Branch (1170 mg/L) K428 – Calloway Creek (1070 mg/L) K442 – Montgomery Creek (1030 mg/L) K205 – North Fork Kentucky River (837 mg/L) K048 – North Fork Kentucky River (776 mg/L) K017 – North Fork Kentucky River (656 mg/L) K443 – Sassafras Creek (594 mg/L)

  39. 2005 High Sulfate Sites

  40. HEAVY METALS

  41. HEAVY METALS Why monitored? • High levels can be toxic to aquatic life or humans through drinking water • Can interfere with industrial water uses Where are they coming from? • Mining • Industrial discharges • Stormwater runoff from roads and parking lots How can we minimize their presence in our waterways? • Comply with discharge permit conditions • Use erosion control measures at mining sites and other construction sites • Install retention ponds, vegetated filter strips around parking lots and along roads (stormwater management practices)

  42. Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Boron Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Gold Iron Lead Lithium Magnesium Manganese Nickel Phosphorus Potassium Selenium Silicon Silver Sodium Strontium Sulfur Thallium Tin Vanadium Zinc Metal Parameters (30)

  43. Antimony – no detections Barium Beryllium Chromium Copper Iron Lead – no detections Manganese Nickel Selenium Silver – no detections Thallium – no detections Zinc – no detections Metal Parameters with Standards (13)

  44. Metals with Standards AND Detections (7)

  45. 2005 High Metals Sites K409 K434 K441

  46. 2005 Sites of Concern K014 – Clarks Run, Boyle County* pathogens, nitrogen K055 & K075 – Town Branch, Fayette County* pathogens, nitrogen, phosphorus K085 – Glenn’s Creek, Woodford County pathogens, phosphorus K191 – Otter Creek, Madison County nitrogen, phosphorus K209 – Tates Creek, Madison County nitrogen, phosphorus K215 – Lost Creek, Breathitt County pathogens, sulfate K338 – Otter Creek, Madison County pathogens, nitrogen, phosphorus K402 – North Rolling Fork, Boyle County herbicides, pathogens K441 – Scuddy Branch, Perry County sulfate, metals

  47. 2005 KRWW Sites of Concern K075 K055 K085 K191 & K338 K215 K014 K209 K402 K441

  48. High Pathogen Sites K029 – Clear Creek, Woodford County K192 – Black Spring, Woodford County K235 – Knoblick Creek, Lincoln County K283 – Rocky Fork, Garrard County K316 – North Elkhorn Creek, Fayette County K329 – Shannon Run, Woodford County K331 – Long Branch, Garrard County

  49. Watershed Roundtable Suggestions • Send sampling response forms with results and explanation • A “Dirt on Dirt” campaign addressing sediment pollution problems • More focused sampling at known problem areas • Form Sub-Basin Teams to address regional water quality issues • TAKE ADVANTAGE OF KENTUCKY RIVER AUTHORITY’S WATERSHED GRANT PROGRAM

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