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Proteins

Proteins. Digestion and absorption. Proteolytic enzymes. Exopeptidases. Endopeptidases. Pepsin Trypsin Chymotrysin Elastase. Polypeptidases Aminopeptidases carboxypeptidases Tripeptidases Dipeptidases. Stomach. H+. Exocrine pancreas. CCK. Secretin. Zymogens.

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Proteins

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  1. Proteins Digestion and absorption

  2. Proteolytic enzymes Exopeptidases Endopeptidases Pepsin Trypsin Chymotrysin Elastase • Polypeptidases • Aminopeptidases • carboxypeptidases • Tripeptidases • Dipeptidases

  3. Stomach H+

  4. Exocrine pancreas CCK Secretin Zymogens

  5. Activation of pancreatic zymogens Carboxypeptidase

  6. Trypsin • Ariginine • Lysine Dr Fatahiya Kashif

  7. Chymotrypsin • Acidic • Hydrophobic

  8. Elastase • Alanine • Glycine • Serine

  9. Carboxypeptidase • Hydrophobic • Basic

  10. Intestinal enzymes • Exopeptidases • Brush border • Within the cell • Enterokinase

  11. Aminopeptidase

  12. …AND ALLAH DOTH INCREASE IN GUIDANCE THOSE WHO SEEK GUIDANCE; AND THE THINGS THAT ENDURE, GOOD DEEDS, ARE BEST IN THE SIGHT OF THY LORD, AS REWARDS, AND THE BEST IN RESPECT OF EVENTUAL RETURNS. 76-MARYAM; AL-QURAN

  13. Absorption of amino acids

  14. Transport systems • Free amino acids • Sodium linked secondary transport • Di and tri peptides • H+ linked transport system • Portal vein • Liver • General circulation

  15. Na+ 2K+ 3Na+

  16. Na+

  17. Na+

  18. Na+

  19. Na+

  20. Na+

  21. Glu Gamma glutamyl cycle Glu Cys Gly

  22. Gamma glutamyl cycle Gly Cys Glu 5-oxoproline

  23. Gamma glutamyl cycle Gly ATP ADP Cys 5-oxoproline Glu

  24. Gamma glutamyl cycle Gly ATP ADP Cys Glu

  25. Glu Cys Gamma glutamyl cycle Gly ATP ADP

  26. Glu Glu Cys Gly Gamma glutamyl cycle Cys Gly

  27. GLUTATHIONE GSH GSH GSSG

  28. Digestion and absorption of proteins Disorders

  29. Disorders • Cystic fibrosis • Cystinuria • Hartnup disease • Kwashiorkor

  30. Cystic Fibrosis

  31. Cystic Fibrosis • Defect in function of chloride channels in pancreatic secretory ducts • Inspissation of pancreatic exocrine secretions • Eventual obstruction of ducts

  32. Cystic Fibrosis • Recurrent infections • Poor growth • Foul smelling bulky stools

  33. Cystic Fibrosis • Commercial enzyme preparations

  34. Hartnup disease • Autosomal recessive disorder • Transport of neutral aminoacids across both intestinal and renal epithilial cells Dr Fatahiya Kashif

  35. Hartnup disease Essential Nonessential Alanine Serine Tyrosine • Isoleucine • Leucine • Phenylanaline • Threonine • Tryptophan • Valine

  36. Hartnup disease C/F • Asymptomatic • Pallegra like symptoms • Neuropsychiatric Treatment • Niacin

  37. Cystinuria Defect in absorption of • Cystine • Ornithine • Arginine • Lysine C/F • Appearance of these amino acids in urine • Cystine stones Treatment • Oral hydration

  38. Kwashiorkor • Deficiency of protein in diet which is adequate in calories C/F • Muscle wasting • Edema

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