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Organizing the Elements 6.1

Organizing the Elements 6.1. Organizing the Elements. 6.1.

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Organizing the Elements 6.1

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  1. Organizing the Elements 6.1

  2. Organizing the Elements 6.1 • In a self-service store, the products are grouped according to similar characteristics. With a logical classification system, finding and comparing products is easy. You will learn how elements are arranged in the periodic table and what that arrangement reveals about the elements.

  3. 6.1 Searching For an Organizing Principle • Searching For an Organizing Principle • How did chemists begin to organize the known elements?

  4. 6.1 Searching For an Organizing Principle • Chemists used the properties of elements to sort them into groups.

  5. 6.1 Searching For an Organizing Principle • Chlorine, bromine, and iodine have very similar chemical properties.

  6. 6.1 Mendeleev’s Periodic Table • Mendeleev’s Periodic Table • How did Mendeleev organize his periodic table?

  7. 6.1 Mendeleev’s Periodic Table • Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing atomic mass. • The periodic table can be used to predict the properties of undiscovered elements.

  8. 6.1 Mendeleev’s Periodic Table • An Early Version of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

  9. 6.1 The Periodic Law • The Periodic Law • How is the modern periodic table organized?

  10. 6.1 The Periodic Law • In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

  11. 6.1 The Periodic Law • The periodic law: When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties. • The properties of the elements within a period change as you move across a period from left to right. • The pattern of properties within a period repeats as you move from one period to the next.

  12. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • What are three broad classes of elements?

  13. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Three classes of elements are metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. • Across a period, the properties of elements become less metallic and more nonmetallic.

  14. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table

  15. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table

  16. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table

  17. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table

  18. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Metals • Metals are good conductors of heat and electric current. • 80% of elements are metals. • Metals have a high luster, are ductile, and are malleable.

  19. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum

  20. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum

  21. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum

  22. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Nonmetals • In general, nonmetals are poor conductors of heat and electric current. • Most nonmetals are gases at room temperature. • A few nonmetals are solids, such as sulfur and phosphorus. • One nonmetal, bromine, is a dark-red liquid.

  23. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • Metalloids • A metalloid generally has properties that are similar to those of metals and nonmetals. • The behavior of a metalloid can be controlled by changing conditions.

  24. 6.1 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids • If a small amount of boron is mixed with silicon, the mixture is a good conductor of electric current. Silicon can be cut into wafers, and used to make computer chips.

  25. Section Assessment • 6.1

  26. 6.1 Section Quiz • 1. The modern periodic table has elements arranged in order of • colors. • melting and boiling points. • increasing atomic mass. • increasing atomic number.

  27. 6.1 Section Quiz • 2. Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing • atomic number. • number of protons. • number of electrons. • atomic mass

  28. 6.1 Section Quiz • 3. Which one of the following is NOT a general property of metals? • ductility • malleability • having a high luster • poor conductor of heat and electricity

  29. END OF SHOW

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