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Review: The Middle Ages and the Renaissance

Review: The Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The End justifies the means -Machiavelli. Feudalism Government and society based off of land ownership . Mutual obligation – the relationship between lords and vassals, also known as the feudal contract .

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Review: The Middle Ages and the Renaissance

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  1. Review: The Middle Ages and the Renaissance The End justifies the means -Machiavelli

  2. Feudalism • Government and society based off of land ownership. • Mutual obligation – the relationship between lords and vassals, also known as the feudal contract. • Ex. A lord granted his vassal some land and promised to protect the vassal. The vassal gave his lord service and taxes in return. • Manorialism • The manor was self sufficient, meaning that peasants made or grew everything they needed.

  3. The Crusades • Were holy wars fought between Christians and Muslims for control of Jerusalem • The major result was Cultural Diffusion. • Causes of the Renaissance • The Black Death- For the people who survived, it increased their standard of living and caused people to question religion. • Decline of Church Power – people lost faith in the Church becausethe Pope fled Rome during the Black Death, and people felt abandoned by the church.

  4. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=275WO03S5v4

  5. The Renaissance • A time of “rebirth” • Started in Italy in 1350 • Many of the “new” things to Europe were from the cultures of ancient Greece and Rome • Humanism • A philosophy that focused on the belief that human emotions and feelings were qualities that should be valued. • Humanism applies to writers such as Boccaccio and Dante.

  6. “…deadly buboes soon began to propagate (spread) and spread itself in all directions indifferently; after which the form of the malady (sickness) began to change, black spots or livid making their appearance in many cases on the arm or the thigh or elsewhere, now few and large, now minute and numerous. And as the buboes had been and still were an infallible (never wrong) token of approaching death, such also were these spots on whomsoever they showed themselves…”- Boccaccio, The Decameron

  7. Realism • Used perspective to make objects seem real, making close objects larger and far off objects smaller. • Skepticism • “Question everything,” based on the philosophy of Socrates • Secularism • Church was still important, but it wasn’t the most important thing

  8. Vernacular • The use of a native language, instead of Latin • Gave feelings of pride and nationalism, unity that doesn’t require the church. • Individualism • Emphasis placed on individual achievements and independence • “The End Justifies the Means” • A famous quote from Machiavelli

  9. “They have occupied more and more of the lands of those Christians, and have overcome them in seven battles. They have killed and captured many, and have destroyed the churches and devastated the empire. If you permit them to continue thus for awhile with impunity, the faithful of God will be much more widely attacked by them.” – Pope Urban II “Our enemy will grow strong, now that they have retained these lands. They will come forth to recover the rest of their lands and you will see every one of them ensconced on his hill-top. If I stay put, the Muslims shall be ruined”- Saladin

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