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The kidney is anatomically divided into the cortex and medulla, with pyramidal medullary areas centrally located and separated by columns of Bertin, portions of the cortex. Gerota's fascia surrounds the kidney, providing a protective layer except for the inferior aspect, which remains an open potential space. Anterior to posterior, the renal hilar structures comprise the renal vein, renal artery, and collecting system. The renal artery branches into segmental arteries, starting typically with the posterior segmental artery, followed by three to four anterior segmental branches that supply the anterior kidney.
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l The kidney is divided into cortex and medulla. The medullary areas are pyramidal, more centrally located, and separated by sections of cortex. These segments of cortex are called the columns of Bertin.
lGerota fascia envelops the kidney on all aspects except inferiorly, where it is not closed but instead remains an open potential space. l From anterior to posterior, the renal hilar structures are the renal vein, renal artery, and collecting system.
The renal artery splits into segmental branches. Typically, the first branch is the posterior segmental artery, which passes posterior to the collecting system. There are generally three to four anterior segmental branches that pass anteriorly To supply the anterior kidney.
