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Hazard Communication

Hazard Communication. Introduction. About 32 million workers work with and are potentially exposed to one or more chemical hazards There are approximately 650,000 existing chemical products, and hundreds of new ones being introduced annually

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Hazard Communication

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  1. Hazard Communication

  2. Introduction • About 32 million workers work with and are potentially exposed to one or more chemical hazards • There are approximately 650,000 existing chemical products, and hundreds of new ones being introduced annually • Chemical exposure may cause or contribute to many serious health effects such as heart ailments, central nervous system damage, kidney and lung damage, sterility, cancer, burns, and rashes • Some chemicals may also be safety hazards and have the potential to cause fires and explosions and other serious accidents

  3. Overview to the Approach • Downstream flow of information • Chemical manufacturers - must prepare and provide information to customers or employers - labels and MSDS • Employers - must communicate information to employees by labels, MSDS and training to provide better employee protection • Employees - must use the information to participate in the protective programs

  4. Purpose of OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard To ensure that employers and employees know about work hazards and how to protect themselves so that the incidence of illnesses and injuries due to hazardous chemicals is reduced. Hazard Communication Program Container Labeling Material Safety Data Sheet MSDS Program Label

  5. Scope and Application • Who and What are Covered • all chemical manufacturers & importers must assess hazards; distributors must transmit information to customers. • employers must provide information to employees. • any chemical which is known to be present in the workplace that an employee may be exposed under normal or emergency conditions.

  6. Employer Responsibilities • Identify and list hazardous chemicals in their workplaces • Obtain Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) and labels for each hazardous chemical, if not provided by the manufacturer, importer, or distributor • Implement a written HazCom program, including labels, MSDSs, and employee training • Communicate hazard information to employees through labels, MSDSs, and formal training programs

  7. Scope & Application/ Exemptions • Laboratories & Warehousing Operations • Labels on incoming containers must not be removed or defaced • MSDS must be maintained when received or upon employee request; accessible during each work shift; not required on every hazardous chemical • Written programs are not required

  8. Exemptions - Labeling • Products subject to labeling requirements of other agencies include: • pesticides • food, food additive • drugs • cosmetics • medical or veterinary devices • distilled spirits; tobacco products • hazardous waste

  9. Hazard Determination • Chemical manufacturers & importers are responsible for evaluating the hazards of the chemicals they produce. • Employers may rely on these hazard evaluations • Appendix A (Health Hazard Definitions) • Appendix B (Hazard Determination)

  10. Hazard Determination - cont. • Chemicals must be evaluated for its potential to cause adverse health effects and its potential to pose a physical hazard, such as flammability. • All chemicals listed: • 29 CFR 1910, Subpart Z; PELs • ACGIH TLVs • Listed by National Toxicology Program (NTP) • International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

  11. HazCom Program (f) "Labels and other forms of warning." (g) "Material safety data sheets." (h) "Employee information and training." Why is a written program required? • Ensures that all employers receive the information they need to inform and train their employees • Provides necessary hazard information to employees

  12. Written HazCom ProgramRequirements • Describes container labeling, MSDSs, and employee training for each workplace • List of the hazardous chemicals • Make information regarding hazards and protective measures available to other employers onsite

  13. Written Program • Blueprint for action • what’s covered, how and who is responsible • Elements • List of Hazardous Chemicals in workplace • Same identity or name on list/ label/ MSDS • Container labeling procedures • Material Safety Data Sheets • Employee Information &Training Program

  14. Written Program • Methods employers will use to inform employees of hazards of non-routine tasks (e.g.. the cleaning of reactor vessels). • Hazards of chemicals in unlabeled pipes.

  15. Written Program • Multi-employer worksites- employers must make available information regarding hazards and protective measures to other employees on site. • Employees travel between worksites, the program may be kept at primary workplace. • Written Program must be available to employees, their representatives, OSHA or NIOSH.

  16. How must chemicals be labeled? • Identity of the chemical • Appropriate hazard warnings • Name and address of the responsible party Each container of hazardous chemicals entering the workplace must be labeled or marked with:

  17. Container Labeling in the Workplace • The hazard warning can be any type of message, picture, or symbol that provides information on the hazards of the chemical(s) and the targeted organs affected, if applicable • Labels must be legible, in English (plus other languages, if desired), and prominently displayed

  18. Labels and Warning Signs • Primary Containers • Secondary Containers • Stationary Containers • Transfer Containers

  19. Primary Container Labels • Identity of the product • Hazard warnings • Name and address of the chemical manufacturer, importer or other responsible party

  20. Labels and Warning Signs • Identity- can be chemical or common name as long as it is the same term on the label, chemical list and MSDS. • Hazard Warning- convey physical or health effects of a chemical; e.g. “potential carcinogen” or “causes lung damage or “flammable”. If available, must convey target organ effect.

  21. Secondary Container Labels • May use label provided by supplier • Must contain chemical identity and hazard warning • May use numerical rating systems, colors, symbols etc. • Must be prominently displayed, legible and in English (may also be in other languages).

  22. Stationary Process Containers • Storage tanks, pipes • May use signs, placards, process sheets, batch tickets, operating procedures or other written materials • Must identify the containers to which the label is applicable and convey the information required on secondary containers • The written materials must be readily accessible

  23. Transfer Container Labels • All portable containers must be labeled except those intended only for the immediate use of the employee who performs the transfer (used by one person during one shift).

  24. Containers

  25. Containers

  26. NFPA Labels

  27. HMIS Label

  28. Labels

  29. Material Safety Data Sheets • Physical hazards, such as fire and explosion • Health hazards, such as signs of exposure • Routes of exposure • Precautions for safe handling and use • Emergency and first-aid procedures • Control measures Prepared by the chemical manufacturer or importer and describe:

  30. Material Safety Data Sheets (cont’d) • Must be in English and include information regarding the specific chemical identity and common names • Must provide information about the: • Physical and chemical characteristics • Health effects • Exposure limits • Carcinogenicity (cancer-causing) • Identification (name, address, and telephone number) of the organization responsible for preparing the sheet • Must be readily accessible to employees in their work area

  31. Material Safety Data Sheets (cont’d) • MSDSs have no prescribed format • If no MSDS has been received for a hazardous chemical, employer must contact the supplier, manufacturer, or importer to obtain one and maintain a record of the contact

  32. Material Safety Data Sheets • Chemical manufacturer information • Identity Information; chemical and common names of hazard ingredients • Physical and Chemical Characteristics • Physical Hazards • Health Hazards; signs and symptoms of exposure • Primary Routes of Entry • Exposure Limits (PELs, TLVs)

  33. Material Safety Data Sheets • Emergency and first aid procedures • Precautions for Safe Handling and Use • Spills and leak procedures • Appropriate Control Measures • Engineering Controls/ PPE/ Work Practices • Date of preparation or revision, name, address, telephone of chemical manufacturer

  34. Material Safety Data Sheets • Must be readily accessible to employees in their work areas during their work shifts. • Employees must have access • May be computerized (electronic access). • If employees travel between worksites, MSDS must be at primary worksite.

  35. Material Safety Data Sheets • Chemical manufacturers and importers have responsibility for development of MSDS. • Employers must have MSDS for each hazardous chemical on site. • Format may vary, specific information is required. • Must be in English

  36. MSDS Helpful Hints • A glossary of MSDS terms is useful • Ensure that someone is responsible for obtaining and maintaining the MSDSs • Ensure that the identity noted on the chemical label, chemical list and MSDS are the same-- this link between the three sources is important. • Household chemicals?

  37. Training • At the time of initial assignment • Whenever a new hazard is introduced into their work area Training is required for employees who are exposed to hazardous chemicals in their work area:

  38. What training is neededto protect workers? • Explanation of the HazCom program, including information on labels, MSDSs, and how to obtain and use available hazard information • Hazards of chemicals • Protective measures such as engineering controls, work practices, and the use of PPE • How to detect the presence or release of a hazardous chemical (using monitoring devices, observation, or smell)

  39. What information mustbe provided to workers? • The HazCom standard and its requirements • Operations in their work areas where hazardous chemicals are present • Location and availability of the written hazard evaluation procedures, communications program, lists of hazardous chemicals, and the required MSDSs Employees must be informed of:

  40. Employee Information/Training • Who - each employee who may be “exposed” to hazardous chemicals • When - prior to initial assignment to work with hazardous chemicals, and whenever the hazard changes or a new hazard is introduced. • Method - performance oriented (lecture, interactive or videotape); • individual chemicals or by • categories of hazards (e.g. corrosives)

  41. Employee Training • Must be trained on the methods and observations used to detect the presence or release of hazardous chemicals in their work area. • physical and health hazards of chemicals; • air monitoring or continuous monitoring devices; • visual appearance or odors of hazardous chemicals; some have no odor, little odor or may cause olfactory fatigue.

  42. Employee Training • Methods to prevent or minimize exposures/ protect themselves • Administrative Controls - training • Engineering Controls - ventilation, isolation • Use of Personal Protective Equipment • Safe Work Practices • Substitution; use of less hazardous chemicals.

  43. Handling Chemical Emergencies • Know emergency phone numbers • Know how to control the spill • Know proper equipment shutdown procedure • Know proper evacuation routes and assembly areas

  44. What Emergency Personnel Should Know • Emergency cleanup and disposal measures • Required protective equipment • Use of cleanup equipment • Firefighting and other emergency measures (i.e., first aid) • Use of other emergency equipment

  45. Recordkeeping • No Long Term Recordkeeping Requirements • Keep Written Program Current • Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records Regulation • if employer has exposure monitoring, lists of chemicals, locations etc., outdated MSDS need not be maintained.

  46. Hazard Communication Violations Hazard Communication - Written program Hazard Communication - Training initially and for new hazards Hazard Communication - Information and training Hazard Communication - MSDS Hazard Communication - Label identification Number of Serious Violations - FY 01

  47. Summary • OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard is based on a simple concept - that employees have both a need and a right to know the hazards and identities of the chemicals they are exposed to when working • Employees also need to know what protective measures are available to prevent adverse effects from occurring

  48. Questions?

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