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Alexander the Great. acquired the region at the Battle of Issus in 333 BC. x ISSUS. The Jews had lived in the land. under foreign rulers from 586 – 167 BC. In 167 they revolted against their Hellenist ruler (Antiochus Epiphany) under the force of the “HAMMER”– MACCABEE * -- revolt.
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Alexander the Great acquired the region at the Battle of Issus in 333 BC. x ISSUS
The Jews had lived in the land under foreign rulers from 586 – 167 BC. In 167 they revolted against their Hellenist ruler (Antiochus Epiphany) under the force of the “HAMMER”– MACCABEE*-- revolt. Israel was free… until Pompeii the Great of Rome conquered them in 61 BC. (my favorite brand of Israeli beer)
The Jews were a nuisance to Rome In 66 AD the Jews revolted against Rome and succeeded in liberating Jerusalem. Nero’s command: destroy Jerusalem and level the temple. This took 4 years to accomplish. In 70 AD the Roman General Titus set fire to the temple, literally removing every stone from it’s place, and the entire city was razed with it. Titus continued on throughout the land, destroying every settlement that resisted him. Over 1,000,000 Jews were slaughtered, untold numbers crucified. After all… the worldwas watching these impudent Jews who challenged Rome. No one else ever tried, either before or after this event.
Of little consequence to Rome, Israel was so aggravating that the Romans gave the region the name “Palestine” -- from the ancient sea-coast presence of the Philistines. Although the Philistines had long since disappeared from the region, the name took. Rome refused to acknowledge the word “ISRAEL.” PALESTINE
The name “Palestine” was recognized after Rome, but it never comprised a region or province again until Great Britain was given the Palestine Mandate after WWI. During the Ottoman period, residents were sometimes referred to as Palestinian Arabs, or Palestinian Jews, or Palestinian Christians to acknowledge which part of Syria they lived in. “Palestinian” was never used to refer to an ethnic group until after 1948. PALESTINE
135 AD From 70 AD, Jews remained in the region, and continued to defy the Roman government until 135 AD when many more Jews were killed. During these difficult times, most Jews left the land. By 135 AD few Jews were living in the land. This is the third Jewish diaspora.
There was never a time (despite common and false rumor) that there were no Jews in the land.And, except for a brief time after 70 AD, Jews have always lived in Jerusalem.After 135 AD, however, they no longer made up the population majority.
The Pale of Europe "Pale of Settlement" created after Catherine II (1791) restricts Jewish residence to areas annexed from Poland or to the territories taken from the Turks along the shores of the Black Sea.
Going up (“Aliyah”) to Zion Some European Jews, called Zionists, in the 19th century believed that Jews would never be free of persecution unless they found a place to create a Jewish state. Why “Zionists”? Mount Zion is spoken of figuratively as “heaven” in the Jewish holy writings.Zion is a mountain top in Jerusalem.It stands higher than Mt. Moriah (the temple mount).
Palestine Mandate: From the end of WW I until 1948 the region was controlled/supervised by Great Britain. The British Empire had the mandate (requirement) to create a productive, free society there. The British failed, rather profoundly!
Post-War exodus http://www.humboldt.edu/~kosmos/media/316gallery/pages/jewish.htm
“EXODUS” CYPRESS By Leon Uris Post-War Jewish camps in Cypress Tel Aviv------
4 wars + 1 • 1948 • 1956 • 1967 6-Day War; old-city Jerusalem acquired • 1973 Yom Kippur War • (5) 1978- 1985 Israeli occupation of south Lebanon; • 1982 attack on PLO occupied Beirut.
1948 war: before and after 1947 UN partition plan; accepted by Israel, rejected by the Arabic countries.
Sinai Campaign 1956 Gamal Abdel-Nasser (1918-1970)
June, 1967: the 6 day war Cease-fire boundaries
Golan Heights http://www.godsclay.com/ann19.htm http://www.godsclay.com/golanheights.htm
The Israel-Lebanon Border; 1982 Under Defense Minister Ariel Sharon, Israel enlisted the aid of Lebanese Christian military and attacked the PLO occupied area of south Beirut. 10,000 people, many civilians, were likely killed. Buffer occupied by Israeli forces, 1978- 1985
Sharon and Arafat Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon (Photo: AP) Former Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat (Photo: AP) (former Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, 78, suffered a stroke in January, 2006, hasn’t come out of a coma since. (Arafat died in a French hospital at the age of 75 on Nov. 11, 2004)
