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The beginning of 1863 had gone well for the Confederacy. They had won at Chancellorville. Unfortunately, Stonewall Jackson had died and the south was in need of supplies. Lee decided it was time to take the offensive…in the north. . Ending the Civil War.
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The beginning of 1863 had gone well for the Confederacy. They had won at Chancellorville. Unfortunately, Stonewall Jackson had died and the south was in need of supplies. Lee decided it was time to take the offensive…in the north. Ending the Civil War 3 Day Battle – South did well…but made some strategic mistakes that cost them Lee had the advantage & wanted to trip up the northern strategy Vicksburg, MS. • By the numbers: • 3 Day Battle • 23,000 Union Casualties • 28,000 Confederate Casualties • 30% total Casualties Gettysburg, PA In Nov. 1863, Pres. Lincoln delivers an address when the cemetery is dedicated at Gettyburg. The 2 minute speech will become one of the most famous ever given. The high amount of losses will hurt the south the most. Lee’s army will not fully recover.
Ending the Civil War The day after Lee lost at Gettysburg, Grant took Vicksburg, Miss. By July 10th of 1863, all Confederate holdouts in Mississippi were under Union control. The South was cut in two. The beginning of the end was near. • North • Grant appointed Sherman • Sherman believes in total war…cuts a path through the south to the Atlantic known as “Sherman’s March to the Sea.” • Grant takes on Lee in Virginia. • Grant could afford high casualties & had them but, as he promised Lincoln, “there would be no turning back.” • South: • Running low on supplies, fighting men, & money • Davis has problems w/ gov’t, cannot unite the Confederate States • In every southern state (except SC), soldiers turned sides, fighting for the north • By 1864, many states saw open meetings for peace, & eventually open opposition to the war. March 1865, Grant is approaching Richmond. In April, Davis & the Confederate government fled the city. Grant met Lee at Appomattox Court House and accepted the terms of surrender. Within 2 months all Confederate resistance was over.
Election of 1864 By the election of 1864, many were upset over the war’s length. Others were had even more southern sympathies. Lincoln was not optimistic that he would win the election. • Radical Republicans: • Favored harsh punishments for south • Called themselves the National Union Party • Nominated John Fremont • As tide of war turns, he drops out • Republicans: • Nominated Lincoln • Chose Andrew Johnson to run w/ him • Pro-Union Democrat from Tennessee • Lincoln favors lenient readmission for south • Democrats: • Tired of war & high casualty rates • Many pro-southern party members • Nominated George McClellan • Ran an immediate armistice platform Helped by timely Union victories in the fall of 1864, Lincoln will win election to a 2nd term. Unfortunately, Lincoln will not live to implement his plan for readmission of the south. He is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth on April 14th. Lincoln will die the next morning.
1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)
The Assassin John Wilkes Booth
