The Civil War Civil War intro

1. The Civil WarCivil War intro

2. 1861 • Jan. 1861 – South Carolina becomes the first state to succeed after Lincoln’s election. • March 1861 – Lincoln is inaugurated

3. 1861 • April 1861 – Attack on Ft. Sumter • July 1861 – 1st Battle of Bull Run. • July 1861 – blockade of the South set up – Anaconda plan in place. • Ft Sumter

4. 1862 • McClellan – trained troops in East – wouldn't attack. • War in the West • US Grant – brings the Union victory in Tennessee – Fort Henry & Fort Donaldson

5. 1862 • Battle of Hampton Roads • The Monitor & the Merrimack face off • Both ships were Ironclads The Confederates retreat. Hampton Road

6. 1862 • Battle of Shiloh – Tennessee • Union wins • High losses – Congress wants Grant gone • Lincoln says “I can’t spare this man – he fights.” Battle of Shiloh • Fall of New Orleans • New Orleans – largest city in South

7. 1862 • Seven Day’s Battles • South loses more men but McClellan retreats • He thought he was out numbered. • Lee went on the offensive and invades North hopes that Europe will step in and help the South.

8. 1862 • Bloody Antietam – Maryland • Bloodiest day in all of American History • Union found the battle plans • 25,000 dead or wounded • Lee lost 1/3 of his army –retreats • McClellan lets him escape -Could have ended the war – gets fired – Burnside takes over. • Bloody Antietam

9. Emancipation Proclamation • 1/1/1863 • Freed slaves in Confederacy only • Pres. Didn’t have power to free slaves in Union • Freed very few slaves – most in the deep South – Union troops weren’t down that far. • Allows African Americans to fight, 180,000 sign up

10. 54th Massachusetts Regiment • All African American – fought without pay • Fredrick Douglass – had 2 sons in the unit

11. 1863 • Siege of Vicksburg • Last Confederate hold on the Mississippi • Grant surrounded city- cut off city for month and ½ - starve them out. • Vicksburg

12. Gettysburg – Turning Point of the War • Lee goes North to PA. July 1/2/3 1863 • Go to Gettysburg in search of shoes. • 90,000 Union troops – vs.- 75,000 Confederates • Pickett’s Charge – attack the middle of Union line – leads to a Confederate retreat. • Again Lee allowed to escape. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qCXUbQ4JjXI

13. 1863 • July 13th – 15th NY City Draft Riots • Over 100 dead over 300 wounded. • ‘Rich man’s war poor man’s fight’

14. 1864 • Sherman’s March • Takes the city of Atlanta-marches to the coast. • Total War – destroy everything – burnt towns- killed farm animals – destroyed railroad • Sherman's March

15. Election of 1864 • Lincoln – vs.- George McClellan (the general he fired) • Sherman wins the election for Lincoln • Lincoln looking for a end to the war • “Let us strive…to bind up the nation’s wounds” Lincoln’s 2nd inaugural address.

16. 1864 • Virginia Campaign • Grant & Sherman –vs.- Lee • Union loses more & more troops but will not retreat • Union takes Richmond – Confederate Capital – Lee retreats.

17. 1865 • Jan 13th - 13th Amendment passed, ending slavery in the US

18. 1865 Surrender at Appomattox • Lee surrenders to Grant 4/9/1865 at Appomattox Court House. • Grant treats Lee & his men well • Feeds them – lets them go home.

19. Prison Camps • Elmira, NY & Andersonville, GA • 50,000 men died in the camps from disease, starvation and exposure.

20. 1865 • April 14th 1865 • John Wilkes Booth assassinates Lincoln at Ford’s Theater. • "Sic sempertyrannis“ Booth

21. Affects on Society - South • Deserters – Confederates lost 40% of troops • State’s rights had South fighting amongst its self. • Economy fell apart – money worthless • Hyperinflation – dozen eggs =$6 Southern soldier made $18 a month.

22. Affects on Society - North • Copperheads – Northern Democrats who are against the war. • Lincoln – arrests protesters – suspends the writ of habeas corpus – no trial • Conscription – draft- rich people could pay someone to go for them • Income tax –pay for the war