1 / 29

Systems Engineering

SE411: 2005/Mar/10. Systems Engineering. Andrew Schaumberg. What?. The function of systems engineering is to guide the engineering of complex systems. -Kossiakoff and Sweet, Systems Engineering. Why?. Software is just one aspect of device implementation.

nowles
Télécharger la présentation

Systems Engineering

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SE411: 2005/Mar/10 Systems Engineering Andrew Schaumberg

  2. What? The function of systems engineering is to guide the engineering of complex systems. -Kossiakoff and Sweet, Systems Engineering Why? • Software is just one aspect of device implementation. • SE concepts applicable to physical implementation. • Holistic benefits. Coupling. Optimization. SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  3. Guitar Case Study: Guitar • Why? • Familiar system. • Reengineered already. • Simple architecture. Architecture revision history  SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  4. Lute • Requirements: • Powerless • Easy to build • Durable • Pleasant • Easy to play • Cons: • Terrible to tune • Poor sustain SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  5. Lute successors • Mandolin • Tuned better • High pitch, bad sustain • Acoustic guitar • Tunes like mandolin • Low pitch, sustain a bit better SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  6. Problem: Tone control • Acoustic resonant cavities fixed • Solution: Transduce sound • Electric signal easy to shape • Options: • Microphone • Pickup SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  7. Microphone Pro: Cheap add-on Con: Generally poor frequency response Pickup Pro: Simplifies architecture Con: Requires architecture reengineering SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  8. Consider Requirements • Need a quick fix for some old acoustics? • Get a mic • Need something new that is cheap and lasts? • Get an electric Rough SE analogy: Functional vs. Architectural reengineering SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  9. Typical build quality of electric guitar • Sucks! • Component quality • Ground loops • Shielding • Electric shock SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  10. So yeah, it sucks. So we make our own. And all is good. Until we realize it still sucks… ...but for different reasons. SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  11. Problem: The pickup select switch • Combinations hard-wired • Solution: • Hardwire new combinations • Add a bigger switch What just happened? Functional vs. Architectural reengineering SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  12. Possible configurations amongst combinations • Coil selection • Coil wiring • Coil phasing What to do? Start working. SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  13. Electromechanical: toggles, rotaries, pots • Need functionality? Add switches! • Pros: • Simple, at first • No added power consumption • Cons: • Heavy real-estate costs • Doesn’t scale SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  14. Solid-state: BJTs, MOSFETs, vacuum tubes • Switches are now just logical inputs • Pros: • Simplifies architecture • Cheap • Cons: • Power required • Scales terribly SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  15. IC: Integrated circuit • Solid-state now just does signal routing • Pros: • Black-boxing saves devel and maint time • Still cheap • Cons: • Limited by vendor supplies • Scales poorly SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  16. MCU: MicroController Unit • ICs, if used at all, now only supplement MCU functionality • Pros: • Eliminates need for most ICs • Programmable • Cons: • High power consumption • Hurts wallet • Requires programmer SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  17. Choose your MCU architecture wisely • ARM: Most popular. Pure, small RISC. • Atmel AVR: C efficient. Dedicated hobbyist following. • Basic Stamp: Fast learning curve. • Dedicated hobbyist following. • Intel 8051: Very popular. Boolean processing engine. • Microchip PIC: Wide supplementary software support. • Dedicated hobbyist following. • Motorola 68xx: Highly optimized. HCF instruction. • TI: Cool calculator programs in BASIC. • Dedicated hobbyist following. SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  18. SoC: System on a Chip • Only need interface, routing, and this chip • Pros: • Entire system on a single chip • Compile hardware from software • Cons: • Very high power consumption, especially FPGA • Very hurtful on wallet, especially ASIC SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  19. What just happened? Layered architecture SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  20. Software options • Low level, e.g. assembler • Mid level, e.g. C • High level, e.g. OS SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  21. Requirements • Standard • Do everything a typical electric guitar can • Built better • Configurable • Selections, wiring, phasing • Save/Recall configurations • Intonation • Built-in tuner • Harmonized infinite sustain • Communications • MIDI • OSC • File transfer SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  22. Harmonized infinite sustain • Strum once, sing forever • EBow • Fernandez SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  23. MIDI • Serial • Note • Velocity SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  24. OSC • Application level protocol • Ethernet • Wrap MIDI SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  25. File transfer • Internet Protocol suite: IP, ICMP, TCP, UDP, HTTP, FTP • USB SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  26. Embedded OSes • Pick something with requirements in mind • Examples: • AvrX - Assembly. Speed. • Contiki - C. Dynamic. • DCOS - C. Minimalist. • NutOS - C. Networking. • Salvo - C. Small. • TinyOS - Pseudo-C. Static modules. Oh my Gosh! COTS! SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  27. Prototype releases • Alpha • Beta • Gold Software extends hardware. Both play well together in a good system. SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  28. References Motorola 6800. Retrieved: 2005/03/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6800 Intel 8051. Retrieved: 2005/03/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8051 Arm architecture. Retrieved: 2005/03/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARM_architecture Atmel AVR 8-Bit RISC. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.atmel.com/products/AVR/ AvrX. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.barello.net/avrx/ BASIC Stamp. Retrieved: 2005/03/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Stamp ConfiGuitar Info Index. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.uwplatt.edu/~schaumba/configuitar/ Dunkels, Adam. The Contiki Operating System. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.sics.se/%7Eadam/contiki/ Hofmeijer, Dullman, Jansen, and Havinga. DCOS, A REAL-TIME LIGHT-WEIGHT DATA CENTRIC OPERATING SYSTEM. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://wwwes.cs.utwente.nl/smartsurroundings/publications/Hofmeijer04.pdf The Amazing EBow. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.ebow.com/ Electric Guitar. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_guitar Ethernet. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet Fernandes - Sustainer Audio Demos. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.fernandesguitars.com/sustainer/susdemos.html Internet Protocol. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol Les Paul 2005. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les_Paul Lute. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lute EMUSIC-L - MIDI specification. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.ibiblio.org/pub/multimedia/emusic/info-docs-FAQs/MIDI-doc/ MIPS architecture. Retrieved: 2005/03/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIPS_architecture nesC: A Programming Language for Deeply Networked Systems. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://nescc.sourceforge.net/ Ethernut Software. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.ethernut.de/en/software.html Atchley, John. GuitarNuts.com - The Internet Home for Wayward Pickers. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.guitarnuts.com/index.php OpenSoundControl. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.cnmat.berkeley.edu/OpenSoundControl/ OpenSound Control. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSound_Control PIC microcontroller. Retrieved: 2005/03/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIC_microcontroller Stang, Pascal. Procyon AVRlib - C-Language Function Library for Atmel AVR Processors. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://hubbard.engr.scu.edu/embedded/avr/avrlib/ Point-to-Point Protocol. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point-to-Point_Protocol Pumpkin: Salvo, the RTOS that runs in tiny places. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.pumpkininc.com/ Han, Rengaswamy and Shea. Reconfigurable Sensor Networks with SOS. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://deerhound.ats.ucla.edu: 7777/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/NEWS_EVENTS/EVENTS/ 04_REVIEW_POSTERS/2ND_ANNUAL_REVIEW_POSTERS_FILES/SOS.PDF Texas Intruments. Retrieved: 2005/03/09. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Instruments TinyOS Community Forum || An open-source OS for the networked sensor regime.. Retrieved: 2005/02/27. http://www.tinyos.net/ Verilog. Retrieved: 2005/03/07. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verilog SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

  29. SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg, Systems Engineering Questions? SE411: 2005/Mar/10, Andrew Schaumberg

More Related