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Islamic Timeline

Islamic Timeline. 570 M. born in Mecca 610 M. receives 1st vision, begins preaching 622 M. leaves Mecca for Medina, becomes leader of the city through diplomacy 630 M. conquers Mecca, returns to Medina. Islamic Timeline.

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Islamic Timeline

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  1. Islamic Timeline • 570 M. born in Mecca • 610 M. receives 1st vision, begins preaching • 622 M. leaves Mecca for Medina, becomes leader of the city through diplomacy • 630 M. conquers Mecca, returns to Medina

  2. Islamic Timeline • 632 M. dies, from past poisoning? Abu Bakr elected first Caliph (Deputy, Successor), orders suras collected • Caliphate = Islamic Church-State Empire • 634-644 Umar, 2nd Caliph conquers Iraq, some of Iran, N. Africa, Egypt, Israel… • 644-656 Uthman, 3rd Caliph, compiles Qur’an, destroys other versions

  3. Islamic Timeline • 656 Uthman assassinated, Ali becomes 4th Caliph (656-661) • Ali doesn’t find and punish Uthman’s assassins, Aisha, others, including Muawiyah rebell • 661 Ali assassinated, cementing the Sunni/Shia rift.

  4. Composed over 1000+ years Many cultural and historical settings, many authors Began as oral tradition, edited by scholars Composed over two decades Composed in two cities by one author Transcript of ecstatic visions of uneducated man, compiled by one man The Bible vs. The Qur’an

  5. Many genres Chronological and topical order Logical progression of ideas or themes Two genres: preaching and poetry Suras arranged longest to shortest Suras often jump from topic to topic The Bible vs. The Qur’an

  6. Mostly 3rd person Historically accurate, used by archeologists Mostly 1st person pl. (“We” = Allah) Historical inaccuracies and anachronisms The Bible vs. The Qur’an

  7. The Afterlife Like Christian picture but more literal, physical Paradise features • Streams and pools of water • Lush gardens, birds • Riches, luxury • Doe-eyed virgin slave-girls (houris)

  8. Paradise

  9. The Afterlife Hell • Firey torment • Boiling water • Eat heads of demons or snakes • Like Christian medieval view

  10. The Five Pillars of Islam 1. The Shahadah: "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is his prophet." 2. Salat: Prayer towards Mecca 5x a day 3. Zakat (annual charitable tax on net worth) 4. Sawm: Fasting during Ramadan (Month in Muslim calendar)--no eating or drinking 5. Hajj: Pilgrimage to Mecca (at least once)

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