1 / 15

The Dynasties of Classical China: From Shang to Ming

Explore the rich history of Classical China, tracing the evolution from the Shang and Zhou dynasties through a period of disunity, the powerful Qin, and the flourishing Han dynasty. This overview covers key developments such as the Mandate of Heaven, the establishment of Confucianism, and the rise of a centralized bureaucracy. Learn about the complex social structures, the influences of Daoism and Legalism, and the lasting impacts these philosophies have had on Chinese civilization. Join us in understanding how ancient China shaped its identity through resilience and innovation.

ozzy
Télécharger la présentation

The Dynasties of Classical China: From Shang to Ming

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter Two Classical Civilization: China

  2. Chinese Dynasty Song (Tune ---- Frère Jacques) Shang Zhou (“Joe”) Qin (“chin”) Han (Repeat) ( ------------------- 400 years of Disunity ------------------) Sui (“sway”) Tang Song (Repeat) Yuan ------ Mongol Ming Qing (“ching”) --------Manchu Republic -------- Republic of China (Repeat) Mao Zedong ---------People’s Republic of China / Communist China (Repeat)

  3. Shang Dynasty • First to construct tombs and palaces, unlike Huanghe civilization. • Invasions caused fall

  4. Zhou Dynasty • Allied with regional princes, no strong government • Could not control large agricultural areas (similar to India, Japan, Europe, and Africa). • Depended on regional kingdoms to be loyal • Feudalism • Expanded to Yangtze River Valley • Middle Kingdom • Mandate of Heaven • Sons of Heaven • Banned human sacrifice • Began standard Mandarin language

  5. Zhou Decline • Regional rulers not loyal • Era of the Warring States • Qin Shi Huangdi deposed last Zhou Ruler and named himself First Emperor

  6. Qin Dynasty • Founded by Qin Shi Huangdi • Brutal Ruler • Dismantled regional kingdoms • Expanded empire (Hong Kong, Vietnam) • Built the Great Wall • Built roads, canals, • Very unpopular for attacks on intellectuals, heavy taxes, and punishments. • His death sparked revolts, leading to the Han.

  7. http://content.mahalo.com/images/0/0e/Great_wall_china_100107_TNO.jpghttp://content.mahalo.com/images/0/0e/Great_wall_china_100107_TNO.jpg

  8. Han Dynasty • Retained centralized rule, but less brutal • More bureaucracy • Expansion (Korea, Indochina, central Asia) • Trade with India, Parthians, Romans • Confucianism rises • Contemporary with the Roman Empire • Begin to decline due to Hun invasion

  9. Lasting Influences • Large bureaucracy • Strong patriarchal society • Ancestor worship • Civil service examinations • Strong government and law systems that even invaders couldn’t overturn • Harmony with nature • The Five Classics (basis for exams) • Accurate calendar • Not much outside influence

  10. Society • Gaps between upper and lower classes • Three social groups • Landowners • Peasants • Mean people (without meaningful skills) • Merchants not valued • Tight family structure • hierarchical/deferential/patriarchal

  11. Other Social aspects of Classical China • Kung Fuzi—Confucius (ca. 551–478 B.C.E.) • respect for superiors • leaders must show moderation • rank based on intelligence, merit • Legalism • alternative to Confucianism • support authoritarian state • belief in evil nature of humankind • Daoism – “the way”; harmony; balance; avoid excess; yin & yang more religious • Laozi (5th century B.C.E.) • respect for forces of nature • ethical code Compare & Contrast Confucianism & Daoism

  12. China in the Shang and Zhou Eras

  13. China from the Later Zhou to the Han Era

  14. Thumbs Up/Down • Thumbs Up if: • The Han Dynasty was centralized. • The Han Dynasty was matriarchal. • The Han Dynasty created the Civil Service Examinations. • Merchants are valued in Chinese society.

  15. Potential Essay Questions • 1. Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of classical Chinese society. • 2. Trace the rise of Confucianism. • 3. Identify the ways thatConfucian philosophy supported the political structure in China. • 4. Summarize why bureaucracy developed in classical China. • 5. In what ways did the three philosophical movements of classical China shape its civilization.

More Related