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The Legacy of Alexander the Great: From Macedonia to a Vast Empire

Alexander the Great emerged from the mountainous kingdom of Macedonia, where King Philip II laid the foundation for a formidable army and a united Greece. By age 20, Alexander commanded this army and embarked on an epic campaign across Asia Minor, the Levant, and Egypt, establishing cities like Alexandria and promoting Hellenistic culture. His vision of assimilation redefined conquest, enhancing the lives of those he ruled. Yet, Alexander's empire was short-lived, collapsing after his death at 33. His methods were later mirrored by the Romans, shaping history for centuries.

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The Legacy of Alexander the Great: From Macedonia to a Vast Empire

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  1. Alexander the Great Fill the void and then some

  2. Macedonia • A mountainous kingdom north of Greece • Macedonians had their own language and identity

  3. King Phillip II 359 BCE Three Objectives: 1. Create an unbeatable army 2. Unify Greece 3. Roach the Persians

  4. Amazing Progress 338 BCE • Greece never recovered from Peloponnesian War • Forcefully unified the Greeks and ready to turn east • Promptly died!

  5. Enter Young Alexander • As a 16-year-old, he commanded the Macedonian army • Now as a 20-year-old he was king

  6. Alexander on a Roll Phase One 334-333 BCE • Liberates Ionia • Then goes on to conquer all of Asia Minor • Turns south and takes Syria, Palestine, and Egypt

  7. Egyptian Pharaoh • The Egyptians were so impressed, they named him pharaoh • He founded a city named Alexandria and created the world’s most spectacular library

  8. Alexander on a Roll Phase Two 331-327 BCE • Now, Alexander struck east into the heart of Persia • First, he roachedMesopotamia, then Persia (Iran), before reaching all the way to the Indus River (Pakistan)

  9. A New Kind of Conqueror • His goal was assimilation • He wanted those he conquered to embrace Hellenistic culture • He made his capital Babylon to encourage good relations • Those conquered by Alexander experienced a higher standard of living

  10. A Short-Lived Empire • Alexander died at just 33 in 323 BCE • His amazing personality was the force that held the empire together • When he died it broke apart

  11. Amazing Example • The next great empire would be the Romans • They borrowed heavily from Alexander’s example • They would incorporate those they conquered

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