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CYTOSKELETON

CYTOSKELETON. Structure Network of long protein strands Located in the cytosol No membranes Function Support Help with movement of organelles in the cytosol Cell Type Eukaryotic Cells Plant and Animal Cells. CYTOPLASM/CYTOSOL. Structure Fluid between cell membrane & organelles

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CYTOSKELETON

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  1. CYTOSKELETON • Structure • Network of long protein strands • Located in the cytosol • No membranes • Function • Support • Help with movement of organelles in the cytosol • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  2. CYTOPLASM/CYTOSOL • Structure • Fluid between cell membrane & organelles • Contains water, salts, organic compounds • Function • Aids in movement • Cell Type • Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  3. Nucleus • Structure • Double membrane (nuclear envelope) • Function • Control center of the cell • Stores hereditary info (DNA) • Makes RNA and protein • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  4. Nucleolus • Structure • Nonmembrane bound structure • Function • Makes ribosomes (nucleolus) • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  5. ROUGH ER • Structure • Internal membrane is a system of folded sacs and tunnels • Has ribosomes • Function • Intracellular highway • Molecules move from one part of cell to another to be exported out of cell • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  6. SMOOTH ER • Structure • Internal membrane of systems of folded sacs and tunnels • NO ribosomes • Function • Intracellular highway • Storage area for proteins • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  7. RIBOSOMES • Structure • Made of proteins and RNA • No membrane • Most numerous organelle • Made in nucleus (specifically in nucleolus) • Function • Aids in protein synthesis • Free ribosomes make proteins used by the cell • Ribosomes on rER make proteins for export to other cells • Cell Type • Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  8. GOLGI APPARATUS • Structure • Stack of membranes or sacs filled with fluid • Function • Processing, packaging, and secreting organelle • Helps with protein synthesis • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  9. Vesicles • Structure • Small membrane-bound sacs • Function • Divide some materials from the rest of the cytoplasm • Transport these materials from place to place within the cell • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells • Examples of Vesicles include: • Lysosomes • Vacuoles • Transport vesicles • Secretory vesicles

  10. MITOCHONDRIA • Structure • Double membrane • Have own DNA • Very numerous in high requirement cells (muscles) • Function • Powerhouse of the cell (energy) • Transfers energy into ATP to be used as energy for life functions • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  11. VACUOLES • Structure • Fluid filled organelles • Very large • Function • Stores enzymes • Stores waste • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant Cells (large) • Animal Cells (small)

  12. LYSOSOMES • Structure • Spherical organelles • Contain enzymes • Function • Digestion • Organic molecules • Old organelles • Foreign substances • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  13. CENTRIOLE • Structure • Made of microtubules • Occur in pairs • Function • Aid in cell division • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Animal Cells

  14. CILIA • Structure • Short hair-like projections • numerous • Function • Movement • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Animal cells

  15. FLAGELLA • Structure • long projections that • move in whip like fashion • Function • Movement • Cell Type • Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells • Animal cells

  16. CELL WALL • Structure • Wall outside membrane • Made of cellulose • Has pores • Function • Protect • Support • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant Cells

  17. CHLOROPLASTS • Structure • Double membrane • Contains DNA • Contains green pigment (chlorophyll) • Function • Responsible for photosynthesis • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant Cells

  18. Chromatin • Structure • Strands of genetic material • Function • Genetic information of the cell • Cell Type • Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  19. PLASTIDS • Structure • Membrane bound organelle • Function • Storage (starches, lipids, pigments) • Cell Type • Eukaryotic Cells • Plant Cells

  20. CELL MEMBRANE • Structure • Lipid bilayer • Proteins • Function • Selectively permeable • Boundary for cell (protection) • Cell Type • Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells • Plant and Animal Cells

  21. Cell Analogy - Factory • Cell membrane • The doors to the factory • Ribosomes • The room where the item is made • Vacuoles • Storage room • Mitochondria • Generator room • Lysosome • Garbage cans • ER • Hallways • Nucleus • Main office • Golgi Apparatus • Assembly area • Cell Wall • The outer walls

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