The Power of Persuasion…

1. The Power of Persuasion… Rhetorical Appeals and How Writers Use Them

2. Definition: Rhetoric

3. Definition: the art of using language effectively and persuasively Rhetoric

4. Definition:Put definition in your own words: the art of using language effectively and persuasively Rhetoric

5. Definition:Put definition in your own words: the art of using language effectively and persuasively Example Sentence: Rhetoric

6. Definition:Putdefinition in your own words: the art of using language effectively and persuasively Example Sentence: The politician’s rhetoric was so effective that his audience agreed to only tax the poor. Rhetoric

7. Definition:Put definition in your own words: the art of using language effectively and persuasively Example Sentence:Your Sentence: The politician’s rhetoric was so effective that his audience agreed to only tax the poor. Rhetoric

8. Rhetorical Appeals Quick-Write: Think of time where you used rhetoric, or your words, to convince someone of something, or to do something. - What exactly did you say? - Why was it effective?

9. Rhetorical Appeals Ok, so people can use their words, their rhetoric, to convince others. But there is a little more to it than that . . .

10. Definition: to try to make someone do or accept something as right by making statements that are directed to a specific person/persons Appeal

11. Definition:Put definition in your own words:to try to make someone do or accept something as right by making statements that are directed to a specific person/persons Appeal

12. Definition:Put definition in your own words: to try to make someone do or accept something as right by making statements that are directed to a specific person/persons Example: I really wanted to go to the concert, so appealed to my parents by telling them I would do dishes for the next two months. Appeal

13. Definition:Put definition in your own words: to try to make someone do or accept something as right by making statements that are directed to a specific person/persons Example:Your Example: I really wanted to go to the concert, so appealed to my parents by telling them I would do dishes for the next two months. Appeal

14. Rhetorical Appeals • When trying to persuade an audience, a writer can try to convince, or appeal, to their readers in 3 very different ways: • Ethos • Pathos • Logos

15. Rhetorical Appeals Ethos = Trust

16. Rhetorical Appeals Ethos: • targets, or appeals to people’s trust when trying to persuade them. • People need to be able to trustthe speaker or writer in order to be persuaded.

17. Rhetorical Appeals Ethos: • This means the speaker should be: • an expert in what he/she is talking about • should be experienced with the subject • This makes the speaker/writer believable to the audience.

18. Bill Gates is an expert in computers, so he could use ethos to persuade people on this topic

19. Michael Jordan is an expert in basketball, so he could use ethos as a way to persuade players to improve their game.

20. Snooki is an expert in tanning, so she could use ethos as a way to persuade people that tanning is good.

21. Skydiving? Oh yes, you should do this, and this, and this . . . I’m pretty sure she’s never gone skydiving before . . . Ms. Philson is NOT an expert in skydiving, so she should not try to use ethos to persuade someone of ANYTHING related to skydiving.

22. Who do you think could use ethos more effectively to convince people NOT to use drugs? • A person who knows what drugs do to the body only because they have studied people who use drugs. • A person who, in the past, has been a drug addict and can tell people first hand, the negative side effects of drugs on not only a body, but on a personal life.

23. Identify the ethos argument • Scenario: • Someone tries to get you to donate money to their non-profit to raise money to help people with their need for organ transplants. This person explains there are many people who can not afford transplants, they being one of them. They then show you a picture of themselves after their transplant and state that they were able to receive their transplant because of help from this particular non-profit.

24. What is the ethos argument? • Since this person has received assistance from the non-profit and it saved their life, this person is a trustworthy speaker. • They effectively persuaded you into donating $20 to the non-profit because of their own experience.

25. Identify the ethos argument • Scenario: • A politician is attempting to convince voters that they need to vote for higher taxes in order to put more money into public schools. He states that he was a teacher for 10 years and has also made many visits to public schools after getting into politics and sees that schools are lacking materials in many areas including text books and teachers.

26. What is the ethos argument? • Since this politician used to be a teacher and has been visiting schools, this makes them a believable person. • This politician effectively persuaded you because they showed how they know public schools need money.

27. Rhetorical Appeals Pathos = Emotions

28. The writer can appeal to the reader’s… 1. Trust…the reader can be persuaded if he or she thinks the writer or speaker can be believed. 2. Emotions…the reader can be persuaded if the writer gets him/her sad, mad, or happy enough to do something about it.

29. The writer can appeal to the reader’s… 1. Trust…the reader can be persuaded if he or she thinks the writer or speaker can be believed. 2. Emotions…the reader can be persuaded if the writer gets him/her sad, mad, or happy enough to do something about it. 3. Logic…the reader might be convinced if the writer makes sense mathematically and logically.

30. The 3 Rhetorical Appeals are old and have Greek names.

31. The 3 Rhetorical Appeals are old and have Greek names. They are…

32. The 3 Rhetorical Appeals are old and have Greek names. They are… 1. Ethos = Trust

33. The 3 Rhetorical Appeals are old and have Greek names. They are… • Ethos = Trust • Pathos = Emotion

34. The 3 Rhetorical Appeals are old and have Greek names. They are… • Ethos = Trust • Pathos = Emotion • Logos = Sense or Logic

35. Ethos The Ethos-appeal asks, “Do you trust me?”

36. An Ethos-based appeal only works when you trust the speaker

37. A writer uses an Ethos-basedappeal when he or she…gains TRUST by

38. A writer uses an Ethos-basedappeal when he or she…gains TRUST by >relying on his/her reputation as a writer or speaker

39. A writer uses an Ethos-basedappeal when he or she…gains TRUST by >relying on his/her reputation as a writer or speaker >trying to appear trustworthy and/or knowledgeable

40. A writer uses an Ethos-basedappeal when he or she…gains TRUST by >relying on his/her reputation as a writer or speaker >trying to appear trustworthy and/or knowledgeable >associating herself with someone the audience knows and respects.

41. Pathos: the emotional appeal

42. Pathos: Stir up their EMOTIONS! >show or use emotionally charged imagery

43. Pathos: Stir up their EMOTIONS! >show or use emotionallycharged imagery. >Use angry or excited language.

44. Pathos: Stir up their EMOTIONS! >show or use emotionallycharged imagery. >Use angry or excitedlanguage. >Imply a sense of urgency so that the audience thinks it must act NOW!

45. Logos: the appeal to reason, or your audience’s intelligence

46. Logos

47. Writers use a logos-based appeal by… • Stating the facts, figures, and details that prove their position or thesis.

48. Writers use a logos-based appeal by… • Stating the facts, figures, and details that prove their position or thesis. • Relying on their audience’s sense of logic and consequences.

49. Writers use a logos-based appeal by… • Stating the facts, figures, and details that prove their position or thesis. • Relying on their reader’s sense of logic and understanding of consequences • Showing that the opposite position does not make sense.