M edieval & Renaissance Art: A Comparison

1. Medieval & Renaissance Art:A Comparison

2. Medieval and Renaissance Art Medieval 1. No expressions onfaces 2. Stiff and unrealistic poses Renaissance 1. Faces are filled with emotion and expression 2. Human poses are lifelike and realistic

3. Medieval and Renaissance Art Medieval • European art was the property of the Church – often religious themes, individuals were not important—paintings not signed • Tempura paints were used – dried too quickly to correct mistakes Renaissance • Artists take credit for their work and become famous; also portraits are done of people • Oil paints were used – lets artists work slowly, create new colors, and obtain more lifelike effects

4. Medieval and Renaissance Art Medieval • The Church forbids displaying the naked human body • There is no balance, proportion, or perspective – pictures are “flat” and two dimensional because the most important spiritual figures in the painting are larger than the less important ones. Renaissance • Like the Greeks and Romans, artists study anatomy to portray humans realistically • Artists create proportion with the illusion of depth and distance on the flat surface—called linear perspective. They also use new shading devices called sfumato and chiarascuro; they use geometry to achieve balance.

5. Medieval and Renaissance Art Medieval • Halos and gold backgrounds symbolized residents of heaven and the holy atmosphere of heaven Renaissance 7. Portrayed naturalistic landscapes of this world and saints lived in the same world as ordinary people

6. 1. Realism & Expression • Expulsion from the Garden • Masaccio • 1427 • First nudes sinceclassical times. Before SAINT DEMETRIUS OF SALONICA. High Middle Ages End of 14th century

7. Masaccio’s “Trinity” Before The first known painting to apply Brunelleschi’s system of linear perspective. Church of Santa Maria Novella, Florence

8. 2. Perspective • The Trinity • Masaccio • 1427 Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! First use of linear perspective! What you are, I once was; what I am, you will become.

9. Progression of the Use of Perspective 1280’s 1380’s 1480’s

10. Perspective! Betrothal of the Virgin Raphael 1504

11. 3. Classicism and Realism • Greco-Roman influence. • Secularism. • Humanism. • Individualism  free standing figures. • Symmetry/Balance The “Classical Pose”Medici “Venus” (1c)

12. Birth of Venus – Botticelli, 1485 An attempt to depict perfect beauty.

13. Examples of Humanism and Realism in Renaissance Art Botticelli's Birth of Venus Rembrandt’s The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp

14. Examples of Humanism and Realism in Renaissance Art Da Vinci’s Vitruvian Man Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel

15. 4. Emphasis on Individualism • Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The Duke & Dutchess of Urbino • Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.

16. Vitruvian Man • Leonardo daVinci • 1492 TheL’uomouniversale

17. 5. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures • The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate • Leonardo da Vinci • 1469 • The figure as architecture!

18. Raphael’s Canagiani Madonna, 1507

19. 6. Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges Sfumato Leonardo da Vinci described sfumato as "without lines or borders, in the manner of smoke or beyond the focus plane." Chiaroscuro

21. Famous works by Italian Renaissance Artists Raphael Leonardo Michelangelo Donatello

22. The Renaissance “Man” • Broad knowledge about many things in different fields. • Deep knowledge/skill in one area. • Able to link information from different areas/disciplines and create new knowledge. • The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Renaissance education. • Artist • Sculptor • Architect • Scientist • Engineer • Inventor 1452 - 1519

23. Leonardo da Vinci, • The Virgin of the Rocks • Leonardo daVinci • 1483-1486

24. Leonardo, the Artist:From his Notebook of over 5000 pages (1508-1519)

25. Leonardo Da Vinci Why is Mona Lisa so famous? Fun Fact! Notice her lack of eyebrows! Women during this period would shave them off! It was considered fashionable to do so! Mona Lisa (La Giocande) Oil on wood panel

27. The Last Supper Gospel Book of Bernward of Hildesheim, c. 1016 German

28. Leonardo da Vinci, “Last Supper” Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy

29. “Last Supper” Perspective

30. The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498 vertical horizontal Perspective!

31. The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498& Geometry

32. Refractory Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie Milan

33. Deterioration • Detail of Jesus • The Last Supper • Leonardo da Vinci • 1498

34. Leonardo Da Vinci The Last Supper Tempera and mixed media on Plaster

35. Leonardo, the Sculptor • An Equestrian Statue • 1516-1518

36. Leonardo, the Architect:Pages from his Notebook • Study of a central church. • 1488

37. Leonardo, the Architect:Pages from his Notebook • Plan of the city of Imola, 1502.

38. Leonardo, the Scientist (Biology):Pages from his Notebook • An example of the humanist desire to unlock the secrets of nature.

39. Leonardo, the Scientist (Anatomy): Pages from his Notebook

40. Leonardo, the Inventor:Pages from his Notebook

41. Leonardo, the Engineer: Pages from his Notebook Studies of water-lifting devices. A study of siege defenses.

42. King David Above: Gospel Book of Philip the Fair Right: Vivian Bible

43. The Liberation of Sculpture • David by Donatello • 1430 • First free-form bronze since Roman times!

44. DavidVerrocchio1473 - 1475

45. David • MichelangeloBuonarotti • 1504 • Marble

46. Michelangelo’s Detail

47.  15c Whatadifferenceacenturymakes! 16c 

48. The Popes as Patrons of the Arts • The Pieta • MichelangeloBuonarroti • 1499 • marble

49. The Sistine ChapelMichelangelo Buonarroti1508 - 1512 Film Clip

50. The Sistine Chapel’s CeilingMichelangelo Buonarroti1508 - 1512