1. Mapping Our World Latitude and Longitude • Cartography • Science of mapmaking • Uses imaginary grid of parallel lines and vertical lines to locate points on earth • Equator cuts Earth in Half

2. Latitude Latitude: lines running to the equator dividing the globe vertically into degrees north and south of The equator • Each degree of latitude= 111km on Earth’s surface • Each degree is further broken down into minutes and then seconds • Each minutes of latitude= 1.85 km • Each second of latitude= 0.031 km

3. Latitude • equator is @ 0 Degrees Latitude • 90 Degrees North Latitude is North Pole • 90 Degrees South Latitude is the South Pole • 23.5 Degrees North Latitude is Tropic of Cancer • 23.5 Degrees South Latitude is Tropic of Capricorn

4. Longitude Longitude: lines used to locate positions East and West of the Prime Meridian • Each degree of longitude is 111 km at the Equator and is further broken down into minutes and seconds • Distance between lines of longitude change-largest at the equator and smallest at the poles. • Unlike lines of Latitude, lines of Longitude are not parallel but are semicircles running from pole to pole • Distance between degrees of longitude are not equal, unlike the distance between degrees of latitude; smaller distance closer to the poles. • When using coordinates to locate a specific point, degrees of latitude are given first followed by degrees of longitude

5. Longitude • Prime Meridian is @ 0 Degrees longitude through Greenwich England • Points west of P.M. are numbered 0-180o west • Points east of the P.M are numbered 0-180o east • International dateline is opposite P.M. when crossing you going west, add a day, when crossing going East subtract a day

6. Latitude and Longitude Together

7. Time Zones Time Zones: 24 different time zones on Earth, Why? (it takes the earth 24 hours for 1 rotation) • Each zone is = 15 Degrees wide, adjusted to local areas to reduce time zone confusion • United States has 6 time zones

8. Time Zones

9. Need a Date for Homecoming ? Call the … International Date Line Calendar Dates: days based on Earth’s rotation, just as time zones are, so when passing through time zones, you either gain or lose time • On the international dateline, 180 Degrees from the Prime Meridian, days are lost and gained • Traveling west across the prime meridian you gain a day • Traveling east across the prime meridian you lose a day

10. International Date Line