1 / 18

Understanding Proteins: The Building Blocks of Life

Proteins are essential macromolecules that play critical roles in the body. They act as enzymes, transport molecules, antibodies, and hormones, facilitating biochemical reactions and cellular communication. The structure of proteins is determined by their amino acid sequences, which fold into intricate shapes. These shapes dictate their functions; when proteins denature, they lose their ability to function effectively. This concise guide explores the importance of proteins, their structural levels, and the genetic basis behind protein synthesis, leading to implications in health and disease.

sevilen-osman
Télécharger la présentation

Understanding Proteins: The Building Blocks of Life

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. PROTEINS The final product of the DNA blueprint Hemoglobin

  2. Why are proteins important? “When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm Antibodies – fight disease

  3. Why are proteins important? “When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm Receptors – part of cell membrane, recognize other proteins and inform the cell (“The Door Bell”)

  4. Why are proteins important? “When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm Enzyme that digests insulin Enzymes – assemble or digest

  5. Why are proteins important? “When the body has something it needs to do, it is a protein that does it” http://www.rothamsted.ac.uk/notebook/courses/guide/prot.htm Neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters and hormones – trigger the receptor (“finger on the doorbell”)

  6. Why are proteins important? Channels and pores – holes in the cell membrane

  7. What determines the role or function of a protein? Shape – click for examples

  8. Amino Group Acid Group What determines the shape of a protein? Amino acids are building blocks of proteins

  9. What determines the shape of a protein? 20 different amino acids each with their own size, shape, and charge

  10. What determines the shape of a protein? Amino acids are connected by peptide bonds

  11. Four levels of structure Primary Structure – Sequence of amino acids.

  12. Four levels of structure Secondary Structure – some chains form an alpha helix (coil) or a beta sheet (accordion).

  13. Four levels of structure Tertiary Structure – How all of the helices and sheets fold together.

  14. Four levels of structure Quaternary Structure – some proteins are made of more than one subunit.

  15. What is denaturing? Denaturing – Losing shape. Proteins that have lost their shape can’t function correctly. What can cause a protein to denature? VIDEO

  16. How does the body know how to make proteins? • DNA sequence. • If nucleotide order is changed: • - sequence of amino acids is changed. • - Shape of protein is different. • - Protein loses function. Cystic Fibrosis Video – “Cracking the Code” Chapter 9 – it’s in the DVD drive ;)

  17. Genetic Testing Video CLICK HERE - http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/national/series/dnaage/index.html - WATCH “When a DNA Test Shows a Lethal Fate”

More Related