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Buddhism 101

Buddhism 101. *4 Noble Truths *Nirvana *8 Fold Path *The Middle Path. Four Noble Truths. 1. To be alive means to endure suffering.

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Buddhism 101

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  1. Buddhism 101 *4 Noble Truths *Nirvana*8 Fold Path *The Middle Path

  2. Four Noble Truths

  3. 1 • To be alive means to endure suffering. • During our lifetime, we inevitably have to endure physical suffering such as pain, sickness, injury, tiredness, old age, and eventually death

  4. 2 • The origin of suffering is attachment. • Because the objects of our attachment are transient, their loss is inevitable, thus suffering will necessarily follow.

  5. 3 • It is possible to stop suffering. • the idea that suffering can be ended by attaining dispassion, resulting in the state of Nirvana

  6. 4 • There is a path to stopping suffering. • a gradual path of self-improvement, which is described in the Eightfold Path. • It is the middle way between the two extremes of excessive self-indulgence (hedonism) and excessive self-mortification (asceticism)

  7. 8 Fold Path

  8. 1 (Wisdom) • Right View • Since our view of the world forms our thoughts and our actions, right view yields right thoughts and right actions.

  9. 2 (Wisdom) • Right Intention • 1. the intention of renunciation, which means resistance to the pull of desire. • 2. the intention of good will, meaning resistance to feelings of anger and aversion • 3. the intention of harmlessness, meaning not to think or act cruelly, violently, or aggressively, and to develop compassion.

  10. 3 (Ethical Conduct) • Right Speech • abstain from • 1. false speech, (lying) • 2. to abstain from slanderous speech and not to use words maliciously against others • 3. to abstain from harsh words that offend or hurt others, (cursing) • 4. to abstain from idle chatter that lacks purpose or depth (gossip)

  11. 4 (Ethical Conduct) • Right Action • Abstain from • 1. harming sentient beings, especially to abstain from taking life (including suicide) and doing harm intentionally • 2. taking what is not given, which includes stealing, robbery, fraud • 3. sexual misconduct.

  12. 5 (Ethical Conduct) • Right Livelihood • Abstain from • 1. dealing in weapons, • 2. dealing in living beings (including raising animals for slaughter as well as slave trade and prostitution), • 3. working in meat production and butchery • 4. selling intoxicants and poisons, such as alcohol and drugs

  13. 6 (Mental Development) • Right Effort • 1. to prevent the arising unwholesome states not yet arisen • 2. to abandon unwholesome states that have already arisen, • 3. to arouse wholesome states that have not yet arisen • 4. to maintain and perfect wholesome states already arisen.

  14. 7 (Mental Development) • Right Mindfulness • Contemplation of • 1. the body • 2. feeling (repulsive, attractive, or neutral) • 3. the state of mind • 4. phenomena.

  15. 8 (Mental Development) • Right Concentration • one-pointedness of mind, meaning a state where all mental faculties are unified and directed onto one particular object developed through meditation.

  16. Nirvana • Nirvana • Nirvana is the state free from suffering and individualexistence, also known as "Enlightenment". • The attainment of nirvana breaks the otherwise endless rebirth cycle of reincarnation, and is the ultimate goal of all Buddhists.

  17. The Middle Path • A life lived between the extremes of self-denial and self-indulgence, neither hedonist nor ascetic. • Attained through adherence to the eight-fold path.

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